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2024

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  2023 (Sunday)
  2022 (Saturday)
  2021 (Friday)
  2020 (Thursday)
  2019 (Tuesday)
  2018 (Monday)
  2017 (Sunday)
  2016 (Saturday)
  2015 (Thursday)
  2014 (Wednesday)

July 23 is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 161 days remain until the end of the year.

Events[]

  • 811Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury.
  • 1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios.
  • 1632 – Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France.
  • 1677Scanian War: Denmark–Norway captures the harbor town of Marstrand from Sweden.
  • 1793Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
  • 1813 – Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a de facto colony.
  • 1821 – While the Mora Rebellion continues, Greeks capture Monemvasia Castle. Turkish troops and citizens are transferred to Asia Minor's coasts.
  • 1829 – In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
  • 1840 – The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
  • 1862American Civil War: Henry Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
  • 1874Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa, India.
  • 1881 – The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.
  • 1885 – President Ulysses S. Grant dies of throat cancer.
  • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
  • 1908 – The Second Constitution accepted by the Ottomans.
  • 1914Austria-Hungary issues a series of demands in an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia demanding Serbia to allow the Austrians to determine who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Serbia accepts all but one of those demands and Austria declares war on July 28.
  • 1919Prince Regent Aleksander Karađorđević signs the decree establishing the University of Ljubljana[1]
  • 1921 – The Communist Party of China (CPC) is established at the founding National Congress.
  • 1926Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
  • 1927 – The first station of the Indian Broadcasting Company goes on the air in Bombay.
  • 1936 – In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of Socialist and Communist parties.
  • 1940 – The United States' Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
  • 1942World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
  • 1942 – Bulgarian poet and Communist leader Nikola Vaptsarov is executed by firing squad.
  • 1943 – The Rayleigh bath chair murder occurred in Rayleigh, Essex, England.
  • 1943 – World War II: The British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
  • 1945 – The post-war legal processes against Philippe Pétain begin.
  • 1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real power behind the coup) in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.
  • 1961 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front is founded in Nicaragua.
  • 1962Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.
  • 1962 – The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is signed.
  • 1962 – Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.[2]
  • 1967Detroit Riots: In Detroit, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city. It ultimately kills 43 people, injures 342 and burns about 1,400 buildings.
  • 1968Glenville shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization and the Cleveland Police Department occurs. During the shootout, a riot begins and lasts for five days.
  • 1968 – The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew and 38 passengers is taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The aircraft was en route from Rome, to Lod, Israel.
  • 1970Qaboos bin Said al Said becomes Sultan of Oman after overthrowing his father, Said bin Taimur initiating massive reforms, modernization programs and end to a decade long civil war.
  • 1972 – The United States launches Landsat 1, the first Earth-resources satellite.
  • 1974 – The Greek military junta collapses, and former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis is invited to lead the new government, beginning Greece's metapolitefsi era.
  • 1980Phạm Tuân becomes the first Vietnamese citizen and the first Asian in space when he flies aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut.
  • 1982 – Outside Santa Clarita, California, actor Vic Morrow and two children are killed when a helicopter crashes onto them while shooting a scene from Twilight Zone: The Movie.
  • 1983 – Thirteen Sri Lanka Army soldiers are killed after a deadly ambush by the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
  • 1983 – Gimli Glider: Air Canada Flight 143 runs out of fuel and makes a deadstick landing at Gimli, Manitoba.
  • 1988 – General Ne Win, effective ruler of Burma since 1962, resigns after pro-democracy protests.
  • 1992 – A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger, establishes that limiting certain rights of homosexual people and non-married couples is not equivalent to discrimination on grounds of race or gender.
  • 1992 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
  • 1995Comet Hale–Bopp is discovered; it becomes visible to the naked eye on Earth nearly a year later.
  • 1997Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
  • 1999ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo, Japan by Yuji Nishizawa.
  • 1999 – Space Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-93, with Eileen Collins becoming the first female space shuttle commander. The shuttle also carried and deployed the Chandra X-ray Observatory.[3]
  • 2005Three bombs explode in the Naama Bay area of Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
  • 2010 – English-Irish boy band One Direction is formed by judge Simon Cowell on The X Factor (British series 7), later going on to finish at third place. It would go on to become one of the biggest boy bands in the world, and would be very influential on pop music of the 2010s.[4][5]
  • 2012 – The Solar storm of 2012 was an unusually large coronal mass ejection that was emitted by the Sun which barely missed the Earth by nine days. If it hit, it would have caused up to US$2.6 trillion in damages to electrical equipment worldwide.[6]
  • 2014TransAsia Airways Flight 222 crashes in Xixi village near Huxi, Penghu, during approach to Phengu Airport. 48 of the 58 people on board are killed and five more people on the ground are injured.[7]
  • 2015NASA announces discovery of Kepler-452b by Kepler.
  • 2016Kabul twin bombing occurred in the vicinity of Deh Mazang when protesters, mostly from the Shiite Hazara minority, were marching against route changing of the TUTAP power project. At least 80 people were killed and 260 were injured.
  • 2018 – A wildfire in East Attica, Greece caused the death of 102 people. It was the deadliest wildfire in history of Greece and the second-deadliest in the world, in the 21st century, after the 2009 bushfires in Australia that killed 180.[8][9][10]

Births[]

  • 1301Otto, Duke of Austria (d. 1339)
  • 1339Louis I, Duke of Anjou (d. 1384)
  • 1370Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder, humanist (d. 1444 or 1445)
  • 1401Francesco I Sforza, Italian husband of Bianca Maria Visconti (d. 1466)
  • 1441Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
  • 1503Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1547)
  • 1614Bonaventura Peeters the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1652)
  • 1635Adam Dollard des Ormeaux, New France garrison commander (d. 1660)
  • 1649Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
  • 1705Francis Blomefield, English historian and author (d. 1752)
  • 1713Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (d. 1792)
  • 1773Thomas Brisbane, Scottish general and politician, 6th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1860)
  • 1775Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812)
  • 1777Philipp Otto Runge, German painter and illustrator (d. 1810)
  • 1796Franz Berwald, Swedish surgeon and composer (d. 1868)
  • 1802Manuel María Lombardini, Mexican general and president (1853) (d. 1853)[11]
  • 1823Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (d. 1894)
  • 1838Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (d. 1910)
  • 1851Peder Severin Krøyer, Norwegian-Danish painter (d. 1909)
  • 1856Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (d. 1920)
  • 1864Apolinario Mabini, Filipino lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Philippines (d. 1903)
  • 1865Henry Norris, English businessman and politician (d. 1934)
  • 1866Francesco Cilea, Italian composer and academic (d. 1950)
  • 1878James Thomas Milton Anderson, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1946)
  • 1882Kâzım Karabekir, Turkish general and politician, 5th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1948)
  • 1883Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, French-English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of the County of London (d. 1963)
  • 1884Emil Jannings, Swiss-German actor (d. 1950)
  • 1885Izaak Killam, Canadian financier and philanthropist (d. 1955)
  • 1885 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman, created Prince Matchabelli perfume (d. 1935)
  • 1886Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish historian and diplomat (d. 1978)
  • 1886 – Walter H. Schottky, Swiss-German physicist and engineer (d. 1976)
  • 1888Raymond Chandler, American crime novelist and screenwriter (d. 1959)
  • 1891Louis T. Wright, American surgeon and civil rights activist (d. 1952)
  • 1892Haile Selassie, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1975)
  • 1894Arthur Treacher, English-American actor and television personality (d. 1975)
  • 1895Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)
  • 1898Daniel Cosío Villegas, Mexican historian, economist (d. 1976)
  • 1898 – Bengt Djurberg, Swedish actor and singer (d. 1941)
  • 1898 – Red Dutton, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1987)
  • 1898 – Herman Kruusenberg, Estonian wrestler (d. 1970)
  • 1898 – Jacob Marschak, Ukrainian-American economist, journalist, and author (d. 1977)
  • 1899Gustav Heinemann, German lawyer and politician, 3rd President of West Germany (d. 1976)
  • 1900Julia Davis Adams, American author and journalist (d. 1993)
  • 1900 – John Babcock, Canadian-American sergeant (d. 2010)
  • 1900 – Inger Margrethe Boberg, Danish folklore researcher and writer (d. 1957)
  • 1901Hank Worden, American actor and singer (d. 1992)
  • 1901 – Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer, Puerto Rican brothel owner and madam in barrio Maragüez, Ponce, Puerto Rico (d. 1974)
  • 1905Leopold Engleitner, Austrian author and educator (d. 2013)
  • 1906Vladimir Prelog, Croatian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
  • 1906 – Chandra Shekhar Azad, Indian activist (d. 1931)
  • 1912M. H. Abrams, American author, critic, and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1912 – Michael Wilding, English actor (d. 1979)
  • 1913Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (d. 2010)
  • 1914Nassos Daphnis, Greek-American painter (d.2010)
  • 1914 – Virgil Finlay, American illustrator (d. 1971)
  • 1914 – Elly Annie Schneider, German-American actress (d. 2004)
  • 1916Laurel Martyn, Australian ballerina and choreographer (d. 2013)
  • 1918Abraham Bueno de Mesquita, Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)
  • 1918 – Ruth Duccini, American actress (d. 2014)
  • 1918 – Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1999)
  • 1921Calvert DeForest, American actor (d. 2007)
  • 1922Damiano Damiani, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
  • 1922 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (d. 2004)[12]
  • 1923Luis Aloma, Cuban-American baseball player (d. 1997)
  • 1923 – Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist and academic (d. 2018)
  • 1923 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer and actress (d. 2001)
  • 1924Gavin Lambert, English-American screenwriter and author (d. 2005)
  • 1924 – Gazanfer Bilge, Turkish wrestler (d. 2008)
  • 1925Tajuddin Ahmad, Bangladeshi politician, 1st Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
  • 1925 – Quett Masire, Botswana politician, the former Vice-President of Botswana (d. 2017)
  • 1925 – Alain Decaux, French historian and author (d. 2016)
  • 1925 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
  • 1926Ludvík Vaculík, Czech journalist and author (d. 2015)
  • 1927Gérard Brach, French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
  • 1928Leon Fleisher, American pianist and conductor (d. 2020)
  • 1928 – Vera Rubin, American astronomer and academic (d. 2016)
  • 1928 – Hubert Selby, Jr., American author and screenwriter (d. 2004)
  • 1929Danny Barcelona, American drummer (d. 2007)
  • 1929 – Lateef Jakande, Nigerian journalist and politician, 5th Governor of Lagos State
  • 1931Te Atairangikaahu, Māori queen (d. 2006)
  • 1931 – Claude Fournier, Canadian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
  • 1931 – Guy Fournier, Canadian author and screenwriter
  • 1933Raimund Abraham, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Cultural Forum (d. 2010)
  • 1933 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (d. 1991)
  • 1933 – Benedict Groeschel, American priest, psychologist, and talk show host (d. 2014)
  • 1933 – Richard Rogers, Italian-English architect, designed the Millennium Dome and Lloyd's building
  • 1935Jim Hall, American race car driver
  • 1936Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1993)
  • 1936 – Anthony Kennedy, American lawyer and jurist
  • 1937Dave Webster, American football player and engineer
  • 1938Juliet Anderson, American porn actress and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1938 – Ronny Cox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
  • 1938 – Charles Harrelson, American murderer (d. 2007)
  • 1938 – Bert Newton, Australian actor and television host
  • 1940Danielle Collobert, French author, poet, and journalist (d. 1978)
  • 1940 – Don Imus, American radio host (d. 2019)
  • 1940 – Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finance (d. 2010)
  • 1941Christopher Andrew, English historian and academic
  • 1941 – Richie Evans, American race car driver (d. 1985)
  • 1941 – Sergio Mattarella, Italian lawyer, judge, and politician, 12th President of Italy
  • 1942Sallyanne Atkinson, Australian journalist and politician, Lord Mayor of Brisbane
  • 1942 – Madeline Bell, American singer-songwriter
  • 1942 – Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle (d. 2013)
  • 1942 – Dimitris Liantinis, Greek philosopher and author (d. 1998)
  • 1943Randall Forsberg, American scientist (d. 2007)
  • 1943 – Tony Joe White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
  • 1944Dino Danelli, American drummer
  • 1944 – Maria João Pires, Portuguese pianist
  • 1945Edward Gregson, English composer and educator
  • 1945 – Jon Sammels, English footballer
  • 1946Andy Mackay, English oboe player and composer
  • 1946 – René Ricard, American poet, painter, and critic (d. 2014)
  • 1947Gardner Dozois, American journalist and author (d. 2018)
  • 1947 – David Essex, English singer-songwriter, and actor
  • 1947 – Torsten Palm, Swedish race car driver
  • 1947 – Robin Simon, English historian, critic, and academic
  • 1948Ross Cranston, Australian-English lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
  • 1948 – John Cushnahan, Northern Irish educator and politician
  • 1948 – John Hall, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and politician
  • 1948 – Stanisław Targosz, Polish general (d. 2013)
  • 1949Clive Rice, South African cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
  • 1950Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born American lawyer and judge
  • 1950 – Ian Thomas, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1950 – Blair Thornton, Canadian guitarist and songwriter
  • 1950 – Alan Turner, Australian cricketer
  • 1952Paul Hibbert, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 2008)
  • 1952 – Bill Nyrop, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1995)
  • 1952 – John Rutsey, Canadian drummer (d. 2008)
  • 1952 – Janis Siegel, American jazz singer (The Manhattan Transfer)
  • 1953Graham Gooch, English cricketer and coach
  • 1953 – Najib Razak, Malaysian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia
  • 1957Jo Brand, English comedian, actress, and screenwriter
  • 1957 – Nikos Galis, American basketball player
  • 1957 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
  • 1957 – Quentin Willson, English TV presenter, Top Gear.
  • 1958Ken Green, American golfer
  • 1958 – Tomy Winata, Indonesian businessman and philanthropist, founded the Artha Graha Peduli Foundation
  • 1959Nancy Savoca, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1960Gary Ella, Australian rugby player
  • 1960 – Susan Graham, American soprano and educator
  • 1960 – Al Perez, American wrestler
  • 1961André Ducharme, Canadian comedian and author
  • 1961 – Michael Durant, American pilot and author
  • 1961 – Martin Gore, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1961 – Woody Harrelson, American actor and activist
  • 1961 – Milind Gunaji, Indian actor, model, television show host, and author
  • 1962Eriq La Salle, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1962 – Mark Laurie, Australian rugby league player
  • 1962 – Alain Lefèvre, Canadian pianist and composer
  • 1963Slobodan Zivojinovic, Serbian tennis player
  • 1964Uwe Barth, German politician
  • 1964 – Nick Menza, German drummer and songwriter (d. 2016)
  • 1965Rob Dickinson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1965 – Slash, English-American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
  • 1967Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
  • 1968Elden Campbell, American basketball player
  • 1968 – Gary Payton, American basketball player and actor
  • 1968 – Stephanie Seymour, American model and actress
  • 1969Andrew Cassels, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1970Charisma Carpenter, American actress
  • 1970 – Thea Dorn, German author and playwright
  • 1970 – Sam Watters, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1970 – Saulius Skvernelis, 13th Prime Minister of Lithuania (since 2016)[13]
  • 1971Dalvin DeGrate, American rapper and producer
  • 1971 – Alison Krauss, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
  • 1971 – Joel Stein, American journalist
  • 1972Suat Kılıç, Turkish journalist, lawyer, and politician, Turkish Minister of Youth and Sports
  • 1972 – Floyd Reifer, Barbadian cricketer and coach
  • 1972 – Marlon Wayans, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1973Nomar Garciaparra, American baseball player and sportscaster
  • 1973 – Fran Healy, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1973 – Monica Lewinsky, American activist and former White House intern[14]
  • 1973 – Himesh Reshammiya, Indian singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
  • 1973 – Andrea Scanavacca, Italian rugby player and manager
  • 1974Terry Glenn, American football player and coach (d. 2017)
  • 1974 – Maurice Greene, American sprinter
  • 1974 – Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian cyclist
  • 1975Dan Rogerson, English politician
  • 1976Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player
  • 1977Scott Clemmensen, American ice hockey player and coach
  • 1977 – Gail Emms, English badminton player
  • 1977 – Néicer Reasco, Ecuadorian footballer
  • 1977 – Shawn Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1978Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
  • 1978 – Stefanie Sun, Singaporean singer-songwriter and pianist
  • 1978 – Lauren Groff, American novelist and short story writer
  • 1979Perro Aguayo Jr., Mexican wrestler and promoter (d. 2015)
  • 1979 – Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
  • 1979 – Richard Sims, Zimbabwean cricketer
  • 1979 – Ricardo Sperafico, Brazilian race car driver
  • 1979 – Cathleen Tschirch, German sprinter
  • 1980Sandeep Parikh, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1980 – Michelle Williams, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
  • 1981Steve Jocz, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, and director
  • 1981 – Dmitriy Karpov, Kazakhstani decathlete
  • 1981 – Aleksandr Kulik, Estonian footballer
  • 1981 – Jarkko Nieminen, Finnish tennis player
  • 1982Ömer Aysan Barış, Turkish footballer
  • 1982 – Joe Mather, American baseball player
  • 1982 – Gökhan Ünal, Turkish footballer
  • 1982 – Gerald Wallace, American basketball player
  • 1982 – Paul Wesley, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1983Bec Hewitt, Australian actress
  • 1983 – Aaron Peirsol, American swimmer
  • 1983 – David Strettle, English rugby player
  • 1984Walter Gargano, Uruguayan footballer
  • 1984 – Matthew Murphy, English singer and guitarist
  • 1984 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
  • 1984 – Celeste Thorson, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1985Luis Ángel Landín, Mexican footballer
  • 1986Aya Uchida, Japanese voice actress and singer
  • 1986 – Nelson Philippe, French race car driver
  • 1986 – Yelena Sokolova, Russian long jumper
  • 1987Alessio Cerci, Italian footballer
  • 1987 – Felipe Dylon, Brazilian singer
  • 1987 – Serdar Kurtuluş, Turkish footballer
  • 1989Daniel Radcliffe, English actor
  • 1989 – Donald Young, American tennis player
  • 1990Kevin Reynolds, Canadian figure skater
  • 1991Lauren Mitchell, Australian gymnast
  • 1991 – Jarrod Wallace, Australian rugby league footballer
  • 1992Danny Ings, English footballer
  • 1996Alexandra Andresen, Norwegian heiress and equestrian

Deaths[]

  • 955He Ning, Chinese chancellor (b. 898)
  • 997Nuh II, Samanid emir (b. 963)
  • 1100Warner of Grez, French nobleman, relative of Godfrey of Bouillon
  • 1227Qiu Chuji, Chinese religious leader, founded the Dragon Gate Taoism (b. 1148)
  • 1298Thoros III, Armenian king (b. c. 1271)
  • 1373Bridget of Sweden, Swedish mystic and saint, founded the Bridgettine Order (b. 1303)
  • 1403Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (b. 1343)
  • 1531Louis de Brézé, French husband of Diane de Poitiers
  • 1536Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1519)
  • 1562Götz von Berlichingen, German knight and poet (b. 1480)
  • 1584John Day, English printer (b. 1522)
  • 1596Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (b. 1526)
  • 1645Michael I, Russian tsar (b. 1596)
  • 1692Gilles Ménage, French lawyer, philologist, and scholar (b. 1613)
  • 1727Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, English politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1661)
  • 1757Domenico Scarlatti, Italian harpsichord player and composer (b. 1685)
  • 1773George Edwards, English biologist and ornithologist (b. 1693)
  • 1781John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor and politician (b. 1724)
  • 1793Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
  • 1833Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean politician, Chilean Minister of Finance (b. 1777)
  • 1853Andries Pretorius, South African general (b. 1798)
  • 1875Isaac Singer, American businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (b. 1811)
  • 1878Carl von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician, pathologist, and politician (b. 1804)
  • 1885Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)
  • 1904John Douglas, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Queensland (b. 1828)
  • 1909Frederick Holder, Australian politician, 19th Premier of South Australia (b. 1850)
  • 1916William Ramsay, Scottish-English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
  • 1919Spyridon Lambros, Greek historian and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1851)
  • 1920Conrad Kohrs, German-American rancher and politician (b. 1835)
  • 1924Frank Frost Abbott, American author and scholar (b. 1850)
  • 1926Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
  • 1927Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (b. 1864)
  • 1930Glenn Curtiss, American pilot and engineer (b. 1878)
  • 1932Tenby Davies, Welsh runner (b. 1884)
  • 1936Anna Abrikosova, Russian linguist (b. 1882)[15]
  • 1941George Lyman Kittredge, American scholar and educator (b. 1860)
  • 1941 – José Quiñones Gonzales, Peruvian soldier and pilot (b. 1914)
  • 1942Adam Czerniaków, Polish engineer and politician (b. 1880)
  • 1942 – Andy Ducat, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1886)
  • 1948D. W. Griffith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1875)
  • 1950Shigenori Tōgō, Japanese politician and diplomat, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1882)
  • 1951Robert J. Flaherty, American director and producer (b. 1884)
  • 1951 – Philippe Pétain, French general and politician, 119th Prime Minister of France (b. 1856)
  • 1954Herman Groman, American runner (b. 1882)
  • 1955Cordell Hull, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 47th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
  • 1957Bob Shiring, American football player and coach (b. 1870)
  • 1966Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
  • 1968Henry Hallett Dale, English pharmacologist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
  • 1971Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)
  • 1972Esther Applin, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1895)
  • 1973Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot and race car driver, founded Rickenbacker Motors (b. 1890)
  • 1979Joseph Kessel, French journalist and author (b. 1898)
  • 1980Sarto Fournier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 38th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908)
  • 1980 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1948)
  • 1980 – Mollie Steimer, Russian activist (b. 1897)
  • 1982Vic Morrow, American actor (b. 1929)
  • 1983Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
  • 1985Johnny Wardle, English cricketer and manager (b. 1923)
  • 1989Donald Barthelme, American short story writer and novelist (b. 1931)
  • 1990Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese engineer (b. 1899)
  • 1996Jean Muir, American actress (b. 1911)
  • 1997Chūhei Nambu, Japanese jumper and journalist (b. 1904)
  • 1999Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929)
  • 2001Eudora Welty, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1909)
  • 2002Leo McKern, Australian-English actor (b. 1920)
  • 2002 – William Luther Pierce, American activist and author (b. 1933)
  • 2002 – Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929)
  • 2002 – Clark Gesner, American author and composer (b. 1938)
  • 2003James E. Davis, American police officer and politician (b. 1962)
  • 2004Mehmood Ali, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1932)
  • 2004 – Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist and composer (b. 1925)
  • 2004 – Piero Piccioni, Italian pianist, conductor, and composer (b. 1921)
  • 2005Ted Greene, American guitarist and journalist (b. 1946)
  • 2006Jean-Paul Desbiens, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1927)
  • 2007Ron Miller, American songwriter and producer (b. 1933)
  • 2007 – Mohammed Zahir Shah, Afghan king (b. 1914)[16]
  • 2008Kurt Furgler, Swiss lawyer and politician, 70th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1924)
  • 2009E. Lynn Harris, American author and screenwriter (b. 1955)
  • 2010Daniel Schorr, American journalist and author (b. 1916)
  • 2011Amy Winehouse, English singer-songwriter (b. 1983)
  • 2012Margaret Mahy, New Zealand author (b. 1936)
  • 2012 – Sally Ride, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1951)[17]
  • 2012 – Lakshmi Sahgal, Indian soldier and politician (b. 1914)
  • 2012 – Esther Tusquets, Spanish publisher and author (b. 1936)
  • 2012 – José Luis Uribarri, Spanish television host and director (b. 1936)
  • 2013Dominguinhos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (b. 1941)
  • 2013 – Pauline Clarke, English author (b. 1921)
  • 2013 – Arthur J. Collingsworth, American diplomat (b. 1944)
  • 2013 – Emile Griffith, American boxer and trainer (b. 1938)
  • 2013 – Kim Jong-hak, South Korean director and producer (b. 1951)
  • 2013 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
  • 2014Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (b. 1923)
  • 2014 – Norman Leyden, American composer and conductor (b. 1917)
  • 2014 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (b. 1927)
  • 2014 – Jordan Tabor, English footballer (b. 1990)
  • 2015Shigeko Kubota, Japanese-American sculptor and director (b. 1937)
  • 2015 – Don Oberdorfer, American journalist, author, and academic (b. 1931)[18]
  • 2015 – William Wakefield Baum, American cardinal (b. 1926)[19]
  • 2017John Kundla, American basketball coach (b. 1916)[20]


Holidays and observances[]

  • Birthday of Haile Selassie (Rastafari)
  • Children's Day (Indonesia)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Bridget of Sweden
    • Heiromartyr Phocas (Eastern Orthodox)
    • John Cassian (Western Christianity)
    • Liborius of Le Mans
    • Margarita María
    • Mercè Prat i Prat
    • Rasyphus and Ravennus
    • July 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • National Remembrance Day (Papua New Guinea)
  • Renaissance Day (Oman)
  • Revolution Day (Egypt)

References[]

  1. "Centenary of the Founding of the University of Ljubljana". Univerza v Ljubljani. University of Ljubljana. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  2. https://baseballhall.org/hall-of-famers/past-inductions/1960-1969#1962
  3. "STS-93". science.ksc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  4. "When was One Direction formed?". Capital. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  5. "One Direction's Big Bang". NPR.org. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  6. Phillips, Tony (23 July 2014). "Near Miss: The Solar Superstorm of July 2012". Science@NASA. NASA. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  7. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident ATR 72-212A (ATR-72-500) B-22810 Magong Airport (MZG)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
  8. https://www.kathimerini.gr/1022112/gallery/epikairothta/ellada/mati-ta-ntokoymenta-miloyn---oi-sygklonistikoi-dialogoi-ths-moiraias-nyxtas
  9. https://www.efsyn.gr/kosmos/158786_i-deyteri-pio-foniki-pyrkagia-ston-21o-aiona-pagkosmios
  10. http://mati2307.gr/?p=724
  11. "Manuel María Lombardini" (in Spanish). Presidentes.mx. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
  12. "Jenny Pike - Obituary". The Times Colonist. April 21, 2004. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
  13. "Prime Minister: Mr. Saulius Skvernelis". ministraspirmininkas.lrv.lt (in Lithuanian). Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  14. Aiken, Jonathan (August 6, 1998). "Who Is Monica Lewinsky?". CNN.
  15. Magdalene, Edith (2009-11-03). "Woman Warrior of the Month: Anna Abrikosova". The Magdalene Sisters. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
  16. "Afghanistan's King Mohammad Zahir Shah Laid to Rest", Associated Press (Fox News), 24 July 2007.
  17. Former Astronaut Sally Ride Dies in La Jolla | NBC 7 San Diego Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  18. Roberts, Sam (July 28, 2015). "Don Oberdorfer, 84, Top Diplomatic Reporter for Washington Post, Dies". The New York Times.
  19. "William Baum dead; former Catholic cardinal and Washington archbishop was 88". Newsday. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
  20. Rippel, Joel (July 23, 2017). "John Kundla, former Minneapolis Lakers coach and Basketball Hall of Famer, dies at 101". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 23, 2017.

External links[]


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