Inverted roller coaster

Inverted roller coaster
Inverted roller coaster
	File:Nemesis at Alton Towers 240 (4756752644).jpg A Bolliger & Mabillard built Inverted coaster. Nemesis at Alton Towers in Staffordshire, United Kingdom
Status	In Production
First manufactured	1992
No. of installations	189
Manufacturers	Bolliger & Mabillard, Vekoma, Intamin, and Mack Rides
Vehicles	Suspended trains
Restraint Style	Over-the-shoulder (most common style)

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An inverted roller coaster is a roller coaster in which the train runs under the track with the seats directly attached to the wheel carriage. This latter attribute is what sets it apart from the older suspended coaster, which runs under the track, but swings via a pivoting bar attached to the wheel carriage. The coaster type's inverted orientation, where the passengers' legs are exposed, distinguishes it from a traditional roller coaster, where only the passengers' upper body parts, including the arms, are exposed.

File:Inverted coaster car front view.png

B&M style inverted roller coaster car.

The inverted coaster was pioneered by the Swiss roller coaster designers Bolliger & Mabillard in the early 1990s. The first installation came at Six Flags Great America in 1992.^[1]

Other roller coaster manufacturers followed in the footsteps of Bolliger & Mabillard and began working on their own inverted coaster designs, including Vekoma, Intamin and other smaller companies. Intamin has few designs classified as inverted coasters, although they do install inverted coaster trains on some of their launched designs. Vekoma, on the other hand, usually mass-produces the same design (SLC (689m Standard)) with 41 identical coasters – and a few variations of that design – installed around the world.^[2] Also, in recent years, Vekoma has become the first manufacturer to install a family-friendly inverted roller coaster. Giovanola also has a single inverted coaster operating.

The inversions usually includes a vertical loop, zero-g roll, Immelmann loop, cobra roll, and a corkscrew.

Installations[]

231 inverted roller coasters have been installed at various theme parks, some of which have been relocated. The following list is not exhaustive and only shows the most notable installations.

Name	Park	Opened	Manufacturer	Status
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Great America	1992	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Great Adventure	1993	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Flight Deck	California's Great America	1993	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Nemesis	Alton Towers	1994	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Magic Mountain	1994	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Raptor	Cedar Point	1994	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Condor	Walibi Holland	1994	Vekoma	Operating
Diavlo	Himeji Central Park	1994	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags St. Louis	1995	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
T3	Kentucky Kingdom	1995	Vekoma	Operating
Eurostar	German Traveling Fairs	1995	Intamin/Giovanola	Operating
Flight Deck	Canada's Wonderland	1995	Vekoma	Operating
Arkham Asylum - Shock Therapy Lethal Weapon - The Ride	Warner Bros. Movie World	1995	Vekoma	Closed 2019
The Great Nor'easter	Morey's Piers	1995	Vekoma	Operating
Mind Eraser	Six Flags America	1995	Vekoma	Operating
Montu	Busch Gardens Tampa Bay	1996	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Over Georgia	1997	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
The Great White	SeaWorld San Antonio	1997	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Mind Eraser	Six Flags Darien Lake	1997	Vekoma	Operating
The Riddler Revenge	Six Flags New England	1997	Vekoma	Operating
Mind Eraser	Elitch Gardens	1997	Vekoma	Operating
Pyrenees	Parque Espana-Shima Spain Village	1997	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Alpengeist	Busch Gardens Williamsburg	1997	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Great Bear	Hersheypark	1998	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Linear Gale	LaQua	1998	Intamin	Operating
Volcano: The Blast Coaster	Kings Dominion	1998	Intamin	Closed 2018
Blue Tornado	Gardaland	1998	Vekoma	Operating
Kong Formerly The Hangman	Six Flags Discovery Kingdom Opryland	1998 1995	Vekoma	Operating Closed 1997
Tornado	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid	1999	Intamin	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Over Texas	1999	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Dragon Challenge	Islands of Adventure	1999	Bolliger & Mabillard	Closed 2017^[3]
Afterburn	Carowinds	1999	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Twisted Typhoon	Wild Adventures	1999	Vekoma	Operating
Invertigo	Kings Island	1999	Vekoma	Operating
Katun	Mirabilandia	2000	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Batman: The Ride	Six Flags Mexico	2000	Vekoma	Operating
MP Xpress	Movie Park Germany	2001	Vekoma	Operating
Talon	Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom	2001	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Tornado	Särkänniemi	2001	Intamin	Operating
The Flash: Vertical Velocity Formerly V2: Vertical Velocity	Six Flags Great America	2001	Intamin	Operating
Stunt Fall	Parque Warner Madrid	2002	Vekoma	Operating
Wicked Twister	Cedar Point	2002	Intamin	Closed 2021
Le Vampire	La Ronde	2002	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
The Flash: Vertical Velocity Formerly V2: Vertical Velocity	Six Flags Discovery Kingdom	2002	Intamin	Operating
Sky Rocket	Dreamworld	2002	Vekoma	Operating
Jubilee Odyssey	Fantasy Island	2002	Vekoma	Operating
Nemesis Inferno	Thorpe Park	2003	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Swamp Thing	Wild Adventures	2003	Vekoma	Operating
Kiddy Hawk	Carowinds	2003	Vekoma	Operating
Steel Venom	Valleyfair	2003	Intamin	Operating
Lightning	Kuwait Entertainment City	2004	Bolliger & Mabillard	Closed 2016
Silver Bullet	Knott's Berry Farm	2004	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Bat	Lagoon	2005	Vekoma	Operating
Patriot	Worlds of Fun	2006	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Black Mamba	Phantasialand	2006	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Kumali	Flamingo Land Resort	2006	Vekoma	Operating
Infusion Formerly Traumatizer	Pleasure Beach Blackpool Pleasureland Southport	2007 1999	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2006
Jimmy Neutron's Atomic Flyer	Movie Park Germany	2007	Vekoma	Operating
Kvasten	Gröna Lund	2007	Vekoma	Operating
Phaethon	Gyeongju World	2007	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Goliath Formerly Batman: The Ride Formerly Gambit	Six Flags Fiesta Texas Six Flags New Orleans Thrill Valley	2008 2003 1995	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating Closed 2005 Closed 2002
Thunderhawk	Michigan's Adventure Geauga Lake	2008 1998	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2007
Possessed Formerly Steel Venom	Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom Geauga Lake	2008 2000	Intamin	Operating Closed 2006
Aftershock Formerly Déjà Vu	Silverwood Theme Park Six Flags Great America	2008 2001	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2007
Steel Lasso	Frontier City	2008	Vekoma	Operating
The Monster Formerly Orochi	Walygator Parc Expoland	2010 1996	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating Closed 2007
Ednör - L'Attaque Formerly Serial Thriller	La Ronde Six Flags Astroworld	2010 1999	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2005
Battlestar Galactica: Cylon	Universal Studios Singapore	2010	Vekoma	Operating
Sky Mountain Formerly Déjà Vu	Mirabilandia Six Flags Over Georgia	2011 2001	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2007
Mountain Peak	Jinjiang Action Park	2011	Vekoma	Operating
Goliath Formerly Déjà Vu	Six Flags New England Six Flags Magic Mountain	2012 2001	Vekoma	Operating Closed 2011
OzIris	Parc Astérix	2012	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Banshee	Kings Island	2014	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Family Inverted Coaster	Happy Valley	2014	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating
Arthur - The Ride	Europa-Park	2014	Mack Rides	Operating
Hals-über-Kopf	Erlebnispark Tripsdrill	2020	Vekoma	Operating
Monster	Gröna Lund	2021	Bolliger & Mabillard	Operating

Gallery[]

References[]

↑ Meyer, Russell (May 12, 2014). "Coaster Tech: An Insider's look at inverted coasters". themeparkinsider.com. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
↑ "Vekoma". rcdb.com. Archived from the original on 2006-05-16.
↑ "Dragon Challenge closing for a new Harry Potter ride". orlandoinformer.com. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2018.

External links[]

[1] Meyer, Russell (May 12, 2014). "Coaster Tech: An Insider's look at inverted coasters". themeparkinsider.com. Retrieved May 21, 2015.

[2] "Vekoma". rcdb.com. Archived from the original on 2006-05-16.

[3] "Dragon Challenge closing for a new Harry Potter ride". orlandoinformer.com. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2018.

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Inverted roller coaster

Contents

Installations[]

Gallery[]

See also[]

References[]

External links[]