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2024

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  2023 (Friday)
  2022 (Thursday)
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  2017 (Friday)
  2016 (Thursday)
  2015 (Tuesday)
  2014 (Monday)

August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 135 days remain until the end of the year.

Events[]

  • 684Battle of Marj Rahit:[1] Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria.
  • 1304 – The Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle is fought to a draw between the French army and the Flemish militias.[2]
  • 1487 – The Siege of Málaga ends with the taking of the city by Castilian and Aragonese forces.
  • 1572 – Marriage in Paris, France, of the Huguenot King Henry III of Navarre to Margaret of Valois, in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics.[3]
  • 1590John White, the governor of the Roanoke Colony, returns from a supply trip to England and finds his settlement deserted.
  • 1612 – The trial of the Pendle witches, one of England's most famous witch trials, begins at Lancaster Assizes.
  • 1634Urbain Grandier, accused and convicted of sorcery, is burned alive in Loudun, France.
  • 1721 – The city of Shamakhi in Safavid Shirvan is sacked.[4][5]
  • 1783 – A huge fireball meteor is seen across Great Britain as it passes over the east coast.
  • 1826Major Gordon Laing becomes the first non-Muslim to enter Timbuktu.[6]
  • 1838 – The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads.
  • 1848Camila O'Gorman and Ladislao Gutierrez are executed on the orders of Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas.
  • 1864American Civil War: Battle of Globe Tavern: Union forces try to cut a vital Confederate supply-line into Petersburg, Virginia, by attacking the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad.
  • 1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium.
  • 1870Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Gravelotte is fought.
  • 1891 – A major hurricane strikes Martinique, leaving 700 dead.
  • 1903 – German engineer Karl Jatho allegedly flies his self-made, motored gliding airplane four months before the first flight of the Wright brothers.
  • 1917 – A Great Fire in Thessaloniki, Greece destroys 32% of the city leaving 70,000 individuals homeless.
  • 1920 – The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
  • 1923First British Track and Field championships for women, London.
  • 1938 – The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting New York, United States with Ontario, Canada over the Saint Lawrence River, is dedicated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
  • 1940World War II: The Hardest Day air battle, part of the Battle of Britain. At that point, the largest aerial engagement in history with heavy losses sustained on both sides.
  • 1945Sukarno takes office as the first president of Indonesia, following the country's declaration of independence the previous day.
  • 1950Julien Lahaut, the chairman of the Communist Party of Belgium, is assassinated. The Party newspaper blames royalists and Rexists.
  • 1958Vladimir Nabokov's controversial novel Lolita is published in the United States.
  • 1958 – Brojen Das from Bangladesh swims across the English Channel in a competition, as the first Bengali and the first Asian to do so. He came first among 39 competitors.
  • 1963Civil rights movement: James Meredith becomes the first African American to graduate from the University of Mississippi.
  • 1965Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins: United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the war.
  • 1966 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Long Tan ensues after a patrol from the 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment clashes with a Viet Cong force in Phước Tuy Province.
  • 1971 – Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam.
  • 1976 – The Korean axe murder incident in Panmunjom results in the deaths of two US Army officers.
  • 1977Steve Biko is arrested at a police roadblock under the Terrorism Act No. 83 of 1967 in King William's Town, South Africa. He later dies from injuries sustained during this arrest bringing attention to South Africa's apartheid policies.
  • 1983Hurricane Alicia hits the Texas coast, killing 21 people and causing over US$1 billion in damage (1983 dollars).
  • 1989 – Leading presidential hopeful Luis Carlos Galán is assassinated near Bogotá in Colombia.
  • 2003 – One-year-old Zachary Turner is murdered in Newfoundland by his mother, who was awarded custody despite facing trial for the murder of Zachary's father. The case was documented in the film Dear Zachary and led to reform of Canada's bail laws.[7]
  • 2005 – A massive power blackout hits the Indonesian island of Java, affecting almost 100 million people, one of the largest and most widespread power outages in history.
  • 2008 – President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf resigns under threat of impeachment.
  • 2008 – War of Afghanistan: Uzbin Valley ambush occurs.
  • 2017 – The first terrorist attack ever sentenced as a crime in Finland kills two and injures eight.
  • 2019 – One hundred activists, officials, and other concerned citizens in Iceland hold a funeral for Okjökull glacier, which has completely melted after once covering six square miles (15.5 km2).[8]

Births[]

  • 1305Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese Shōgun (d. 1358)
  • 1450Marko Marulić, Croatian poet and author (d. 1524)[9]
  • 1458Lorenzo Pucci, Catholic cardinal (d. 1531)
  • 1497Francesco Canova da Milano, Italian composer (d. 1543)
  • 1542Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (d. 1601)
  • 1579Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau (d. 1640)
  • 1587Virginia Dare, granddaughter of Governor John White of the Colony of Roanoke, first child born to English parents in the Americas (date of death unknown)[10]
  • 1596Jean Bolland, Flemish priest and hagiographer (d. 1665)
  • 1605Henry Hammond, English churchman and theologian (d. 1660)
  • 1606Maria Anna of Spain (d. 1646)
  • 1629Agneta Horn, Swedish writer (d. 1672)[11]
  • 1657Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect and painter (d. 1743)[12]
  • 1685Brook Taylor, English mathematician and theorist (d. 1731)
  • 1692Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1740)
  • 1700Baji Rao I, first Peshwa of Maratha Empire (d. 1740)
  • 1720Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers, English politician (d. 1760)
  • 1750Antonio Salieri, Italian composer and conductor (d. 1825)
  • 1754François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, French general and engineer (d. 1833)
  • 1774Meriwether Lewis, American soldier, explorer, and politician (d. 1809)
  • 1792John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1878)
  • 1803Nathan Clifford, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, 19th United States Attorney General (d. 1881)
  • 1807B. T. Finniss, Australian politician, 1st Premier of South Australia (d. 1893)
  • 1819Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1876)
  • 1822Isaac P. Rodman, American general and politician (d. 1862)
  • 1830Franz Joseph I of Austria (d. 1916)
  • 1831Ernest Noel, Scottish businessman and politician (d. 1931)
  • 1834Marshall Field, American businessman, founded Marshall Field's (d. 1906)
  • 1841William Halford, English-American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1919)
  • 1855Alfred Wallis, English painter and illustrator (d. 1942)
  • 1857Libert H. Boeynaems, Belgian-American bishop and missionary (d. 1926)
  • 1869Carl Rungius, German-American painter and educator (d. 1959)
  • 1870Lavr Kornilov, Russian general and explorer (d. 1918)
  • 1879Alexander Rodzyanko, Russian general (d. 1970)
  • 1885Nettie Palmer, Australian poet and critic (d. 1964)
  • 1887John Anthony Sydney Ritson, English rugby player, mines inspector, engineer and professor of mining (d. 1957)
  • 1890Walther Funk, German economist and politician, Reich Minister of Economics (d. 1960)
  • 1893Burleigh Grimes, American baseball player and manager (d. 1985)
  • 1893 – Ernest MacMillan, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 1973)
  • 1896Jack Pickford, Canadian-American actor and director (d. 1933)
  • 1898Clemente Biondetti, Italian race car driver (d. 1955)
  • 1900Ruth Bonner, Soviet Communist activist, sentenced to a labor camp during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge (d. 1987)
  • 1900 – Ruth Norman, American religious leader (d. 1993)
  • 1901Lucienne Boyer, French singer (d. 1983)
  • 1902Adamson-Eric, Estonian painter (d. 1968)
  • 1902 – Margaret Murie, American environmentalist and author (d. 2003)
  • 1904Max Factor, Jr., American businessman (d. 1996)
  • 1905Enoch Light, American bandleader, violinist, and recording engineer (d. 1978)
  • 1906Marcel Carné, French director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
  • 1906 – Curtis Jones, American blues pianist and singer (d. 1971)
  • 1908Edgar Faure, French historian and politician, 139th Prime Minister of France (d. 1988)
  • 1908 – Olav H. Hauge, Norwegian poet and gardener (d. 1994)
  • 1908 – Bill Merritt, New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster (d. 1977)
  • 1909Gérard Filion, Canadian businessman and journalist (d. 2005)
  • 1910Herman Berlinski, Polish-American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2001)
  • 1910 – Robert Winters, Canadian colonel, engineer, and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Public Works (d. 1969)
  • 1911Amelia Boynton Robinson, American activist (d. 2015)
  • 1911 – Klara Dan von Neumann, Hungarian computer scientist and programmer (d. 1963)
  • 1912Otto Ernst Remer, German general (d. 1997)
  • 1913Romain Maes, Belgian cyclist (d. 1983)
  • 1914Lucy Ozarin, United States Navy lieutenant commander and psychiatrist (d. 2017)
  • 1915Max Lanier, American baseball player and manager (d. 2007)
  • 1916Neagu Djuvara, Romanian historian, journalist, and diplomat (d. 2018)
  • 1916 – Moura Lympany, English pianist (d. 2005)
  • 1917Caspar Weinberger, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2006)
  • 1918Cisco Houston, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1961)
  • 1919Wally Hickel, American businessman and politician, 2nd Governor of Alaska (d. 2010)
  • 1920Godfrey Evans, English cricketer (d. 1999)
  • 1920 – Bob Kennedy, American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
  • 1920 – Shelley Winters, American actress (d. 2006)
  • 1921Lydia Litvyak, Russian lieutenant and pilot (d. 1943)
  • 1921 – Zdzisław Żygulski, Polish historian and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1922Alain Robbe-Grillet, French director, screenwriter, and novelist (d. 2008)
  • 1923Katherine Victor, American actress (d. 2004)[13]
  • 1925Brian Aldiss, English author and critic (d. 2017)
  • 1925 – Pierre Grondin, Canadian surgeon and academic (d. 2006)
  • 1925 – Anis Mansour, Egyptian journalist and author (d. 2011)
  • 1927Rosalynn Carter, 41st First Lady of the United States[14]
  • 1928Marge Schott, American businesswoman (d. 2004)
  • 1928 – Sonny Til, American R&B singer (d. 1981)
  • 1929Hugues Aufray, French singer-songwriter
  • 1930Liviu Librescu, Romanian-American engineer and academic (d. 2007)
  • 1930 – Rafael Pineda Ponce, Honduran academic and politician (d. 2014)
  • 1931Bramwell Tillsley, Canadian 14th General of The Salvation Army (d. 2019)
  • 1931 – Hans van Mierlo, Dutch journalist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2010)
  • 1931 – Grant Williams, American film, theater and television actor (d. 1985)[15]
  • 1932Luc Montagnier, French virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1933Just Fontaine, Moroccan-French footballer and manager
  • 1933 – Roman Polanski, French-Polish director, producer, screenwriter, and actor
  • 1934Vincent Bugliosi, American lawyer and author (d. 2015)
  • 1934 – Roberto Clemente, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and soldier (d. 1972)
  • 1934 – Gulzar, Indian poet, lyricist and film director
  • 1934 – Michael May, German-Swiss race car driver and engineer
  • 1935Gail Fisher, American actress (d. 2000)
  • 1935 – Hifikepunye Pohamba, Namibian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Namibia
  • 1936Robert Redford, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1937Sheila Cassidy, English physician and author
  • 1939Maxine Brown, American soul/R&B singer-songwriter
  • 1939 – Robert Horton, English businessman (d. 2011)
  • 1939 – Johnny Preston, American pop singer (d. 2011)
  • 1940Adam Makowicz, Polish-Canadian pianist and composer
  • 1940 – Gil Whitney, American journalist (d. 1982)
  • 1943Martin Mull, American actor and comedian
  • 1943 – Gianni Rivera, Italian footballer and politician
  • 1943 – Carl Wayne, English singer and actor (d. 2004)
  • 1944Paula Danziger, American author (d. 2004)
  • 1944 – Robert Hitchcock, Australian sculptor and illustrator
  • 1945Sarah Dash, American singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1945 – Värner Lootsmann, Estonian lawyer and politician
  • 1945 – Lewis Burwell Puller, Jr., American soldier, lawyer, and author (d. 1994)
  • 1948James Jones, English bishop
  • 1948 – John Scarlett, English intelligence officer
  • 1949Nigel Griggs, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
  • 1950Dennis Elliott, English drummer and sculptor
  • 1952Elayne Boosler, American actress, director, and screenwriter
  • 1952 – Patrick Swayze, American actor and dancer (d. 2009)
  • 1952 – Ricardo Villa, Argentinian footballer and coach
  • 1953Louie Gohmert, American captain, lawyer, and politician
  • 1953 – Marvin Isley, American R&B bass player and songwriter (d. 2010)
  • 1954Umberto Guidoni, Italian astrophysicist, astronaut, and politician
  • 1955Bruce Benedict, American baseball player and coach
  • 1955 – Taher Elgamal, Egyptian-American cryptographer
  • 1955 – Tan Dun, Chinese composer
  • 1956John Debney, American composer and conductor
  • 1956 – Sandeep Patil, Indian cricketer and coach
  • 1956 – Jon Schwartz, American drummer and producer
  • 1956 – Kelly Willard, American singer-songwriter
  • 1956 – Rainer Woelki, German cardinal
  • 1957Denis Leary, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1957 – Ron Strykert, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1958Didier Auriol, French race car driver
  • 1958 – Madeleine Stowe, American actress
  • 1959Tom Prichard, American wrestler and trainer
  • 1960Mike LaValliere, American baseball player
  • 1960 – Fat Lever, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1961Huw Edwards, Welsh-English journalist and author
  • 1961 – Timothy Geithner, American banker and politician, 75th United States Secretary of the Treasury
  • 1961 – Bob Woodruff, American journalist and author
  • 1962Felipe Calderón, Mexican lawyer and politician, 56th President of Mexico[16]
  • 1962 – Geoff Courtnall, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1964Andi Deris, German singer and songwriter
  • 1964 – Mark Sargent, Australian rugby league player
  • 1964 – Kenny Walker, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1965Ikue Ōtani, Japanese voice actress
  • 1966Gustavo Charif, Argentinian director and producer
  • 1967Daler Mehndi, Indian Punjabi singer, songwriter and record producer
  • 1967 – Brian Michael Bendis, American author and illustrator
  • 1969Mark Kuhlmann, German rugby player and coach
  • 1969 – Edward Norton, American actor[17]
  • 1970Jason Furman, American economist and politician
  • 1970 – Malcolm-Jamal Warner, American actor and producer
  • 1971Patrik Andersson, Swedish footballer
  • 1971 – Richard David James, English musician composer[18]
  • 1974Nicole Krauss, American novelist and critic
  • 1977Paraskevas Antzas, Greek footballer
  • 1977 – Even Kruse Skatrud, Norwegian musician and educator[19]
  • 1978Andy Samberg, American actor and comedian
  • 1979Stuart Dew, Australian footballer
  • 1980Esteban Cambiasso, Argentinian footballer
  • 1980 – Rob Nguyen, Australian race car driver
  • 1980 – Ryan O'Hara, Australian rugby league player
  • 1980 – Bart Scott, American football player
  • 1980 – Jeremy Shockey, American football player
  • 1981César Delgado, Argentinian footballer
  • 1981 – Dimitris Salpingidis, Greek footballer
  • 1983Mika, Lebanese-born English recording artist and singer-songwriter [20]
  • 1983 – Cameron White, Australian cricketer
  • 1984Sigourney Bandjar, Dutch footballer
  • 1984 – Robert Huth, German footballer
  • 1985Inge Dekker, Dutch swimmer
  • 1985 – Bryan Ruiz, Costa Rican footballer
  • 1986Evan Gattis, American baseball player
  • 1986 – Ross McCormack, Scottish footballer
  • 1987Joanna Jędrzejczyk, Polish mixed martial artist
  • 1988Jack Hobbs, English footballer
  • 1988 – Eggert Jónsson, Icelandic footballer
  • 1988 – G-Dragon, South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter and record producer
  • 1992Elizabeth Beisel, American swimmer
  • 1992 – Bogdan Bogdanović, Serbian basketball player
  • 1993Jung Eun-ji, South Korean singer-songwriter
  • 1993 – Maia Mitchell, Australian actress and singer[21]
  • 1994Morgan Sanson, French footballer
  • 1995Alīna Fjodorova, Latvian figure skater
  • 1997Renato Sanches, Portuguese footballer

Deaths[]

  • 353Decentius, Roman usurper
  • 440Pope Sixtus III
  • 472Ricimer, Roman general and politician (b. 405)
  • 670Fiacre, Irish hermit
  • 673Kim Yu-shin, general of Silla (b. 595)
  • 849Walafrid Strabo, German monk and theologian (b. 808)
  • 1095 – King Olaf I of Denmark
  • 1211Narapatisithu, king of Burma (b. 1150)
  • 1227Genghis Khan, Mongolian emperor (b. 1162)
  • 1258Theodore II Laskaris, emperor of Nicea (Byzantine emperor in exile)
  • 1276Pope Adrian V (b. 1220)
  • 1318Clare of Montefalco, Italian nun and saint (b. 1268)
  • 1430Thomas de Ros, 8th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician (b. 1406)
  • 1500Alfonso of Aragon, Spanish prince (b. 1481)
  • 1502Knut Alvsson, Norwegian nobleman and politician (b. 1455)
  • 1503Pope Alexander VI (b. 1431)
  • 1550Antonio Ferramolino, Italian architect and military engineer
  • 1559Pope Paul IV (b. 1476)
  • 1563Étienne de La Boétie, French judge and philosopher (b. 1530)
  • 1600Sebastiano Montelupi, Italian businessman (b. 1516)
  • 1613Giovanni Artusi, Italian composer and theorist (b. 1540)
  • 1620Wanli Emperor of China (b. 1563)
  • 1625Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, English diplomat (b. 1556)
  • 1634Urbain Grandier, French priest (b. 1590)
  • 1642Guido Reni, Italian painter and educator (b. 1575)
  • 1648Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1615)
  • 1683Charles Hart, English actor (b. 1625)
  • 1707William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire (b. 1640)
  • 1712Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Essex (b. 1660)
  • 1765Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1708)
  • 1815Chauncey Goodrich, American lawyer and politician, 8th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1759)
  • 1823André-Jacques Garnerin, French balloonist and the inventor of the frameless parachute (b. 1769)
  • 1842Louis de Freycinet, French explorer and navigator (b. 1779)
  • 1850Honoré de Balzac, French novelist and playwright (b. 1799)
  • 1886Eli Whitney Blake, American inventor, invented the Mortise lock (b. 1795)
  • 1919Joseph E. Seagram, Canadian businessman and politician, founded the Seagram Company (b. 1841)
  • 1940Walter Chrysler, American businessman, founded Chrysler (b. 1875)
  • 1943Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Azerbaijani general (b. 1865)
  • 1944Ernst Thälmann, German soldier and politician (b. 1886)
  • 1945Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian activist and politician (b. 1897)
  • 1949Paul Mares, American trumpet player and bandleader (New Orleans Rhythm Kings) (b. 1900)
  • 1950Julien Lahaut, Belgian soldier and politician (b. 1884)
  • 1952Alberto Hurtado, Chilean priest, lawyer, and saint (b. 1901)
  • 1964Hildegard Trabant, Berlin Wall victim (b. 1927)
  • 1968Arthur Marshall, American pianist and composer (b. 1881)
  • 1979Vasantrao Naik, Indian politician (b. 1913)
  • 1981Anita Loos, American author and screenwriter (b. 1889)
  • 1983Nikolaus Pevsner, German-English historian and scholar (b. 1902)
  • 1990B. F. Skinner, American psychologist and philosopher, invented the Skinner box (b. 1904)
  • 1994Francis Raymond Shea, American bishop (b. 1913)
  • 1998Persis Khambatta, Indian model and actress, Femina Miss India 1965 (b. 1948)[22]
  • 2001David Peakall, English chemist and toxicologist (b. 1931)
  • 2002Dean Riesner, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1918)
  • 2003Tony Jackson, English singer and bassist (b. 1938)
  • 2004Elmer Bernstein, American composer and conductor (b. 1922)
  • 2004 – Hiram Fong, American soldier and politician (b. 1906)
  • 2005Chri$ Ca$h, American wrestler (b. 1982)
  • 2006Ken Kearney, Australian rugby player (b. 1924)
  • 2007Michael Deaver, American soldier and politician, White House Deputy Chief of Staff (b. 1938)
  • 2007 – Magdalen Nabb, English author (b. 1947)
  • 2009Kim Dae-jung, South Korean lieutenant and politician, 15th President of South Korea, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
  • 2009 – Rose Friedman, Ukrainian-American economist and author (b. 1910)
  • 2009 – Robert Novak, American journalist and author (b. 1931)
  • 2010Hal Connolly, American hammer thrower and coach (b. 1931)
  • 2010 – Benjamin Kaplan, American scholar and jurist (b. 1911)
  • 2012Harrison Begay, American painter (b. 1917)
  • 2012 – John Kovatch, American football player (b. 1920)
  • 2012 – Scott McKenzie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
  • 2012 – Ra. Ki. Rangarajan, Indian journalist and author (b. 1927)
  • 2012 – Jesse Robredo, Filipino public servant and politician, 23rd Filipino Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (b. 1958)
  • 2013Josephine D'Angelo, American baseball player (b. 1924)
  • 2013 – Jean Kahn, French lawyer and activist (b. 1929)
  • 2013 – Albert Murray, American author and critic (b. 1916)
  • 2014Gordon Faber, American soldier and politician, 39th Mayor of Hillsboro, Oregon (b. 1930)
  • 2014 – Jim Jeffords, American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1934)
  • 2014 – Levente Lengyel, Hungarian chess player (b. 1933)
  • 2014 – Don Pardo, American radio and television announcer (b. 1918)
  • 2015Khaled al-Asaad, Syrian archaeologist and author (b. 1932)
  • 2015 – Roger Smalley, English-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1943)
  • 2015 – Suvra Mukherjee, Wife of former Indian president Pranab Mukherjee. (b. 1940)
  • 2015 – Louis Stokes, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
  • 2015 – Bud Yorkin, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
  • 2016Ernst Nolte, German historian (b. 1923)
  • 2017Bruce Forsyth, English television presenter and entertainer (b. 1928)
  • 2017 – Zoe Laskari, Greek actress and beauty pageant winner (b. 1944)
  • 2018Denis Edozie, Nigerian Supreme Court judge (b. 1935)[23]
  • 2020Ben Cross, English stage and film actor (b.1947) [24]

Holidays and observances[]

  • Christian feast day:
    • Agapitus of Palestrina
    • Alberto Hurtado
    • Daig of Inniskeen
    • Evan (or Inan)
    • Fiacre
    • Florus and Laurus
    • Helena of Constantinople (Roman Catholic Church)
    • William Porcher DuBose (Episcopal Church)
    • August 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Arbor Day (Pakistan)
  • Armed Forces Day (Macedonia)
  • Birthday of Virginia Dare (Roanoke Island)
  • Constitution Day (Indonesia)
  • Long Tan Day, also called Vietnam Veterans' Day (Australia)
  • National Science Day (Thailand)

References[]

  1. David James (25 February 2009). Early Islamic Spain: The History of Ibn Al-Qutiyah. Routledge. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-134-02531-2.
  2. J. F. Verbruggen (2002). The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302): A Contribution to the History of Flanders' War of Liberation, 1297-1305. Boydell & Brewer. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-85115-888-4.
  3. The history of France, from the earliest period. 1852. p. 94.
  4. Kazemzadeh 1991, p. 316.
  5. Mikaberidze 2011, p. 761.
  6. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Laing, Alexander Gordon" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  7. After Canadian mother killed herself and their only grandchild, U.S. couple started 10-year fight to change Canada's bail laws | National Post
  8. David Moye (August 19, 2019), "Iceland Holds Funeral Honoring Glacier That Melted Away", Huffington Post.com, retrieved August 19, 2019
  9. Marko Marulić; Josip Bratulić (1994). Epistola domini Marci Marvli Spalatensis ad Adrianvm VI. Pontificem maximvm ... Nacionalna i sveučilišna biblioteka. p. 27. ISBN 978-953-6000-57-9.
  10. Hawks, Francis L. (1857). History of North Carolina: Embracing the period between the first voyage to the colony in 1584, to the last in 1591.
  11. Katharina M. Wilson; M. Wilson (1991). An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers. Taylor & Francis. p. 569. ISBN 978-0-8240-8547-6.
  12. Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich Prokhorov (1982). Great Soviet encyclopedia. Macmillan. p. 61.
  13. Lentz, Harris M. (2005). Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2004 : Film, Television, Radio, Theatre, Dance, Music, Cartoons, and Pop Culture. Jefferson, N.C.: Mcfarland & Co. pp. 362–363. ISBN 978-0-7864-2103-9.
  14. "Rosalynn Smith Carter". The White House. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
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External links[]


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