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2013 by topic:
Arts
ArchitectureComicsFilmHome videoLiterature (Poetry) – Music (Country, Rock, Metal, UK, US) – RadioPhotoTelevision (UK, US) – Video gaming
Politics and government
ElectionsInternational leadersSovereign states
Sovereign state leadersTerritorial governors
Science and technology
ArchaeologyBiotechnologyComputingPalaeontologyQuantum computing and communicationSpace/AstronomySpaceflight
Environment
Birding/Ornithology
Transportation
AviationRail transport
Sports
American footballAssociation footballAthletics (sport)BadmintonBaseballBasketballChessCombat sportsCricketCyclingGolfHandballIce hockeyRugby unionSwimmingTennisVolleyball
By place
AfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAndorraAngolaAntarcticaArgentinaArmeniaAustraliaAustriaAzerbaijanBangladeshThe BahamasBahrainBarbadosBelarusBelgiumBeninBhutanBoliviaBosnia and HerzegovinaBotswanaBrazilBulgariaBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCanadaCape VerdeCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaColombiaCosta RicaComorosCroatiaCubaCyprusCzechiaDenmarkEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEstoniaEthiopiaEuropean UnionFijiFinlandFranceGabonGeorgiaGermanyGhanaGreeceGuatemalaGuineaGuyanaHaitiHondurasHong KongHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIranIraqIrelandIsraelItalyIvory CoastJapanJordanKazakhstanKenyaKosovoKuwaitKyrgyzstanLaosLatviaLebanonLesothoLiberiaLibyaLithuaniaLuxembourgMacauMadagascarMarshall IslandsMalawiMalaysiaMaliMaltaMauritaniaMexicoMicronesiaMoldovaMongoliaMontenegroMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmarNauruNamibiaNepalNetherlandsNew ZealandNicaraguaNigerNigeriaNorth KoreaNorth MacedoniaNorwayOmanPakistanPalauPalestinePanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugalQatarRomaniaRussiaRwandaSamoaSaudi ArabiaSenegalSerbiaSeychellesSingaporeSlovakiaSloveniaSomaliaSouth AfricaSolomon IslandsSouth KoreaSouth SudanSpainSri LankaSudanSwedenSwitzerlandSyriaTaiwanTajikistanTanzaniaThailandTogoTongaTunisiaTurkeyTurkmenistanTuvaluUgandaUkraineUnited Arab EmiratesUnited KingdomUnited StatesUruguayUzbekistanVanuatuVenezuelaVietnamYemenZambiaZimbabwe
Other topics
Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
BirthsDeaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
EstablishmentsDisestablishments
Works and introductions categories
WorksIntroductions
Works entering the public domain
2013 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar2013
MMXIII
Ab urbe condita2766
Armenian calendar1462
ԹՎ ՌՆԿԲ
Assyrian calendar6763
Bahá'í calendar169–170
Balinese saka calendar1934–1935
Bengali calendar1420
Berber calendar2963
British Regnal year61 Eliz. 2 – 62 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar2557
Burmese calendar1375
Byzantine calendar7521–7522
Chinese calendar壬辰(Water Dragon)
4709 or 4649
    — to —
癸巳年 (Water Snake)
4710 or 4650
Coptic calendar1729–1730
Discordian calendar3179
Ethiopian calendar2005–2006
Hebrew calendar5773–5774
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat2069–2070
 - Shaka Samvat1934–1935
 - Kali Yuga5113–5114
Holocene calendar12013
Igbo calendar1013–1014
Iranian calendar1391–1392
Islamic calendar1434–1435
Japanese calendarHeisei 25
(平成25年)
Javanese calendar1946–1947
Juche calendar102
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4346
Minguo calendarROC 102
民國102年
Nanakshahi calendar545
Thai solar calendar2556
Tibetan calendar阳水龙年
(male Water-Dragon)
2139 or 1758 or 986
    — to —
阴水蛇年
(female Water-Snake)
2140 or 1759 or 987
Unix time1356998400 – 1388534399

2013 (MMXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2013th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 13th year of the , the 13th year of the , and the 4th year of the decade.

2013 was designated as:

  • International Year of Water Cooperation[1]
  • International Year of Quinoa[1]

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Events[]

January[]

  • January 11 – The French military begins a five-month intervention into the Northern Mali conflict, targeting the militant Islamist Ansar Dine group.[2][3]
  • January 1620 – Thirty-nine international workers and one security guard die in a hostage crisis at a natural gas facility near In Aménas, Algeria.[4][5][6][7]

February[]

  • February 12North Korea conducts its third underground nuclear test, prompting widespread condemnation and tightened economic sanctions from the international community.[8][9]
  • February 15 – A meteor explodes over the Russian city of Chelyabinsk, injuring 1,489-1,492 people and damaging over 4,300 buildings. It is the most powerful meteor to strike Earth's atmosphere in over a century.[10] The incident, along with a coincidental flyby of a larger asteroid, prompts international concern regarding the vulnerability of the planet to meteor strikes.[11][12]
  • February 21 – American scientists use a 3D printer to create a living lab-grown ear from collagen and animal ear cell cultures. In the future, it is hoped, similar ears could be grown to order as transplants for human patients suffering from ear trauma or amputation.[13]
  • February 28Benedict XVI resigns as pope, becoming the first to do so since Gregory XII in 1415, and the first to do so voluntarily since Celestine V in 1294.[14]

March[]

  • March 13Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina is elected the 266th pope, whereupon he takes the name Francis[15][16][17] and becomes the first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first pope from the Southern Hemisphere.[18]
  • March 242012–2013 Central African Republic conflict: Central African Republic President François Bozizé flees to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, after rebel forces capture the nation's capital, Bangui.[19][20][21]
  • March 25 – The European Union agrees to a €10 billion economic bailout for Cyprus. The bailout loan will be equally split between the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism, the European Financial Stability Facility, and the International Monetary Fund. The deal precipitates a banking crisis in the island nation.[22][23]
  • March 27 – Canada becomes the first country to withdraw from the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.[24]

April[]

May[]

  • May 14–18 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2013 takes place in Malmö, Sweden, and is won by Danish entrant Emmelie de Forest with the song "Only Teardrops".


  • May 15 – In a study published in the scientific journal Nature, researchers from Oregon Health & Science University in the United States describe the first creation of human embryonic stem cells by cloning.[28]

June[]

  • June 6 – American Edward Snowden discloses operations engaged in by a U.S. government mass surveillance program to news publications and flees the country, later being granted temporary asylum in Russia.[29][30][31]

July[]

  • July 1Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union.[32]
  • July 3 – Amid mass protests across Egypt, President Mohamed Morsi is deposed in a military coup d'état, leading to widespread violence.[33][34]

August[]

  • August 14 – Following the military coup in Egypt, two anti-coup camps are raided by the security forces leaving 2,600 dead.[35] The raids were described by Human Rights Watch as "one of the world’s largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history”.[36]
  • August 21 – 1,429 are killed in the Ghouta chemical attack during the Syrian Civil War.[37]

September[]

  • September 21al-Shabaab Islamic militants attack the Westgate shopping mall in Nairobi, killing at least 62 civilians and wounding over 170.[38]

October[]

  • October 10 – Delegates from some 140 countries and territories sign the Minamata Treaty, a UNEP treaty designed to protect human health and the environment from emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds.[39]
  • October 18Saudi Arabia rejects a seat on the United Nations Security Council, making it the first country to reject a seat on the Security Council. Jordan takes the seat on December 6.

November[]

File:Haiyan 2013 track.png

November 8: Typhoon Haiyan.

  • November 5Mangalyaan (aka Mars Orbiter Mission) is launched by India from its launchpad in Sriharikota.[40]
  • November 8Typhoon Haiyan ("Yolanda"), one of the strongest tropical cyclones on record, hits the Philippines and Vietnam, causing devastation with at least 6,241 dead.[41]
  • November 12Three Studies of Lucian Freud, a series of portraits of Lucian Freud by the British painter Francis Bacon, sells for US$142.4 million in a New York City auction, setting a new world record for an auctioned work of art.[42][43]
  • November 21Euromaidan pro-EU demonstrations begin in Ukraine after President Viktor Yanukovych rejects an economic association agreement between the European Union and Ukraine in favor of closer ties to Russia.[44]
  • November 24Iran agrees to limit their nuclear development program in exchange for sanctions relief.[45][46]

December[]

  • December 7Ninth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization delegates sign the Bali Package agreement aimed at loosening global trade barriers.[47]
  • December 14Chinese spacecraft Chang'e 3, carrying the Yutu rover, becomes the first spacecraft to "soft"-land on the Moon since 1976 and the third ever robotic rover to do so.[48]
  • December 15 – Fighting between ethnic Dinka and Nuer members of the presidential guard breaks out in the capital city of South Sudan and precipitates the South Sudanese political crisis.[citation needed]

Births[]

  • July 22Prince George of Cambridge

Deaths[]

Main article: Deaths in 2013
Further information: Category:2013 deaths
Deaths
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January[]

File:James Buchanan by Atlas network.jpg

James M. Buchanan

  • January 1Patti Page, American singer (b. 1927)
  • January 2Ladislao Mazurkiewicz, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1945)
  • January 3Sergiu Nicolaescu, Romanian film director, actor, and politician (b. 1930)
  • January 7David R. Ellis, American film director (b. 1952)
  • January 9James M. Buchanan, American Nobel economist (b. 1919)
  • January 11Nguyễn Khánh, Vietnamese general and politician (b. 1927)
  • January 15Nagisa Oshima, Japanese film director (b. 1932)
  • January 21Michael Winner, British film director and producer (b. 1935)
  • January 23Józef Glemp, Polish cardinal (b. 1929)

February[]

File:Robert Coleman Richardson.jpg

Robert Coleman Richardson

File:Donald Glaser.jpg

Donald A. Glaser

March[]

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File:Lilian of Sweden 1940s as Mrs. Craig.jpg

Princess Lilian

  • March 3Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1940)
  • March 5
    • Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (b. 1954)
    • Paul Bearer, American professional wrestling manager (b. 1954)
  • March 6Alvin Lee, British guitarist (b. 1944)
  • March 7
    • Peter Banks, British guitarist (b. 1947)
    • Damiano Damiani, Italian film director and screenwriter (b. 1922)
  • March 10Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, (b. 1915)
  • March 12Clive Burr, British drummer (b. 1957)
  • March 14Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-born Cambodian politician (b. 1925)
  • March 20Zillur Rahman, 19th President of Bangladesh (b. 1929)
  • March 21
    • Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer (b. 1930)
    • Pietro Mennea, Italian athlete (b. 1952)
  • March 22Bebo Valdés, Cuban pianist, bandleader, and composer (b. 1918)
  • March 23
    • Boris Berezovsky, Russian businessman (b. 1946)
    • Joe Weider, Canadian-born American bodybuilder and publisher (b. 1920)
  • March 27Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian skater (b. 1923)
  • March 28Richard Griffiths, British actor (b. 1947)

April[]

File:Roger Ebert cropped.jpg

Roger Ebert

File:Margaret Thatcher cropped2.png

Margaret Thatcher

  • April 2Jesús Franco, Spanish film director and screenwriter (b. 1930)
  • April 3Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-born British novelist and screenwriter (b. 1927)
  • April 4Roger Ebert, American film critic and writer (b. 1942)
  • April 8
  • April 9Paolo Soleri, Italian-born American architect (b. 1919)
  • April 10Robert Edwards, British Nobel physiologist (b. 1925)
  • April 11
    • Maria Tallchief, American prima ballerina (b. 1925)
    • Jonathan Winters, American comedian and actor (b. 1925)
    • Hilary Koprowski, Polish virologist and immunologist (b. 1916)
  • April 14Colin Davis, British conductor (b. 1927)
  • April 18Storm Thorgerson, British graphic designer (b. 1944)
  • April 19François Jacob, French Nobel biologist (b. 1920)
  • April 22Richie Havens, American folk singer (b. 1941)
  • April 26George Jones, American country music singer (b. 1931)
  • April 28János Starker, Hungarian-born American cellist (b. 1924)
  • April 30 (death announced on this date) – Deanna Durbin, Canadian-born singer and actress (b. 1921)

May[]

File:Giulio Andreotti, ca 1987.jpg

Giulio Andreotti

File:Jorge Rafael Videla 1976.PNG

Jorge Rafael Videla

  • May 2Jeff Hanneman, American guitarist (b. 1964)
  • May 4Christian de Duve, Belgian Nobel biochemist (b. 1917)
  • May 6Giulio Andreotti, 41st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1919)
  • May 7Ray Harryhausen, American filmmaker and creator of visual effects (b. 1920)
  • May 13Kenneth Waltz, American political scientist (b. 1924)
  • May 15Henrique Rosa, President of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2005) (b. 1946)
  • May 16Heinrich Rohrer, Swiss Nobel physicist (b. 1933)
  • May 17Jorge Rafael Videla, 42nd President of Argentina (b. 1925)
  • May 20Ray Manzarek, American keyboardist (b. 1939)
  • May 22Henri Dutilleux, French composer (b. 1916)
  • May 23Georges Moustaki, French singer and songwriter (b. 1934)
  • May 26Jack Vance, American novelist (b. 1916)
  • May 31Jean Stapleton, American actress (b. 1923)

June[]

File:Esther Williams - portrait.jpg

Esther Williams

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  • June 3Frank Lautenberg, American politician (b. 1924)
  • June 6
    • Jerome Karle, American Nobel chemist (b. 1918)
    • Esther Williams, American swimmer and actress (b. 1921)
  • June 7
    • Pierre Mauroy, Prime Minister of France (1981–1984) (b. 1928)
    • Richard Ramirez, American serial killer (b. 1960)
  • June 8Yoram Kaniuk, Israeli writer (b. 1930)
  • June 9Iain Banks, British novelist (b. 1954)
  • June 11Robert Fogel, American Nobel economic historian (b. 1926)
  • June 15
    • Heinz Flohe, German footballer (b. 1948)
    • Kenneth G. Wilson, American Nobel physicist (b. 1936)
  • June 16
    • Josip Kuže, Croatian footballer and coach (b. 1952)
    • Ottmar Walter, German footballer (b. 1924)
  • June 19
    • James Gandolfini, American actor (b. 1961)
    • Gyula Horn, Prime Minister of Hungary (1994–1998) (b. 1932)
  • June 23
    • Bobby Bland, American singer and songwriter (b. 1930)
    • Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
  • June 24Emilio Colombo, 40th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1920)
  • June 26Marc Rich, Belgian-born American commodities trader and criminal (b. 1934)
  • June 27Alain Mimoun, French track and field athlete (b. 1921)
  • June 29Jim Kelly, American martial artist and actor (b. 1946)

July[]

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File:Cory Monteith (6592146693).jpg

Cory Monteith

  • July 2
    • Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt, Queen consort of Iran (1941–1948) (b. 1921)
    • Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist and inventor (b. 1925)
  • July 3Radu Vasile, Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1942)
  • July 12Amar Bose, American engineer and entrepreneur (b. 1929)
  • July 13Cory Monteith, Canadian actor (b. 1982)
  • July 19
    • Mel Smith, British comedian and actor (b. 1952)
    • Bert Trautmann, German-born British footballer (b. 1923)
  • July 20Helen Thomas, American journalist (b. 1920)
  • July 22Dennis Farina, American actor (b. 1944)
  • July 23
    • Emile Griffith, American welterweight boxer (b. 1938)
    • Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
  • July 25
    • Walter De Maria, American sculptor and composer (b. 1935)
    • Bernadette Lafont, French actress (b. 1938)
  • July 26JJ Cale, American singer and songwriter (b. 1938)
  • July 28Eileen Brennan, American actress (b. 1932)
  • July 29Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (b. 1986)
  • July 30Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer (b. 1924)

August[]

File:Julie Harris 1973.JPG

Julie Harris

File:David Frost Rumsfeld interview cropped.jpg

David Frost

September[]

File:Kenny Norton.jpg

Ken Norton

October[]

File:Tom Clancy at Burns Library cropped.jpg

Tom Clancy

File:Lou Reed at the Hop Farm Music Festival.jpg

Lou Reed

  • October 1
    • Tom Clancy, American writer (b. 1947)
    • Giuliano Gemma, Italian actor (d. 1938)
  • October 3Sergei Belov, Russian basketball player (b. 1944)
  • October 4Võ Nguyên Giáp, Vietnamese General (b. 1911)
  • October 7
    • Patrice Chéreau, French opera and theatre director, filmmaker, actor and producer (b. 1944)
    • Ovadia Yosef, Israeli religious leader (b. 1920)
  • October 9Wilfried Martens, 60th and 62nd Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1936)
  • October 10Scott Carpenter, American astronaut (b. 1925)
  • October 11
    • María de Villota, Spanish racing driver (b. 1980)
    • Erich Priebke, German SS captain and war criminal (b. 1913)
  • October 14Bruno Metsu, French football coach (b. 1954)
  • October 16Ed Lauter, American actor (b. 1938)
  • October 20Lawrence Klein, American Nobel economist (b. 1920)
  • October 23Anthony Caro, British sculptor (b. 1924)
  • October 24Manolo Escobar, Spanish singer (b. 1931)
  • October 25
    • Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (b. 1942)
  • October 27Lou Reed, American singer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1942)
  • October 28Tadeusz Mazowiecki, 1st Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1927)

November[]

File:Doris lessing 20060312 (jha).jpg

Doris Lessing

File:Frederick Sanger2.jpg

Frederick Sanger

December[]

File:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg

Nelson Mandela

File:Peter O'Toole -- LOA trailer.jpg

Peter O'Toole

Nobel Prizes[]

  • ChemistryMartin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel
  • EconomicsEugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert J. Shiller
  • LiteratureAlice Munro
  • PeaceOrganisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
  • PhysicsFrançois Englert and Peter Higgs
  • Physiology or MedicineJames E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman, and Thomas C. Südhof

In fiction[]

Main article: List of works of fiction set in 2013

See also[]

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  • List of international years

References[]

  1. 1.0 1.1 "United Nations Observances: International Years". United Nations. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  2. "France launches Mali military intervention". Al Jazeera. January 11, 2013. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
  3. "France army in key Mali withdrawal". BBC. May 25, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  4. "Thirty hostages reported killed in Algeria assault". Reuters. January 17, 2013. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  5. "Foreigners held hostage by terrorists in Algeria". BBC. January 16, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
  6. "Algeria hostage crisis: Briton confirmed dead as workers held hostage by terrorists". The Scotsman. January 17, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  7. "Islamists take foreign hostages in attack on Algerian oil field". CNN. January 16, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
  8. Bilby, Ethan (February 18, 2013). "EU approves tighter sanctions on North Korea". Reuters. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  9. "UN adopts tough new North Korea sanctions after nuclear test". BBC. March 7, 2013. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  10. "Russia meteor eyewitness: 'Something like the sun fell'". BBC. February 15, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  11. McKie, Robin (February 16, 2013). "Scientists unveil new detectors in race to save Earth from next asteroid". The Guardian. London. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  12. Broad, William J. (February 16, 2013). "Vindication for Entrepreneurs Watching Sky: Yes, It Can Fall". New York Times. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  13. "Scientists create artificial ear using 3D printing and living-cell gels". Daily Telegraph. London. February 21, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2013.
  14. Pullella, Philip (February 28, 2013). "Benedict's reign ends with a promise to obey next pope". Reuters. Retrieved February 28, 2013.
  15. "Argentina's Jorge Mario Bergoglio elected Pope Francis". BBC. March 13, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  16. "Argentina's Bergoglio elected as new Pope Francis". Reuters. March 14, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  17. "New pope chosen: Argentine Jorge Mario Bergoglio who becomes Pope Francis". CTV News. March 13, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  18. "Why the first Jesuit pope is a big deal". Presbyterian Church USA. March 20, 2013. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
  19. "Centrafrique: Michel Djotodia déclare être le nouveau président de la république centrafricaine" (in French). Radio France International. March 24, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  20. "Central African Republic: Rebels 'take palace as Bozize flees'". BBC. March 24, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  21. "CAR rebels 'seize' presidential palace". Al Jazeera English. March 24, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  22. "Eurozone and IMF agree 10bn-euro Cyprus bailout deal". BBC News. BBC. March 17, 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  23. "Eurogroup Statement on Cyprus" (PDF). Eurogroup. March 25, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
  24. "Canada only UN member to pull out of droughts and deserts convention". CTV News. March 27, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  25. Charbonneau, Louis (April 2, 2013). "U.N. overwhelmingly approves global arms trade treaty". Reuters. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
  26. Josh Levs and Monte Plott (April 18, 2013). "Terrorism strikes Boston Marathon as bombs kill 3, wound scores". CNN. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  27. Kotz, Deborah (April 24, 2013). "Injury toll from Marathon bombs reduced to 264". Boston Globe. Retrieved May 3, 2013. It turns out that we had double-counted some patients who were transferred from one hospital to another, so we reviewed our spreadsheets and cleaned up the duplicates
  28. "Human stem cells created by cloning". Nature. May 15, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  29. Gidda, Mirren (June 23, 2013). "Edward Snowden and the NSA files – timeline". The Guardian. London. Retrieved July 27, 2013.
  30. Walker, Martin (July 22, 2013). "Snowden's best refuge". United Press International. Retrieved July 27, 2013.
  31. Myers, Steven Lee (August 1, 2013). "Russia Grants Snowden 1-Year Asylum". The New York Times. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
  32. "Croatia joins EU amid celebrations and uncertainty about future". The Guardian. London. July 1, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  33. "Coup topples Egypt's Morsy; deposed president under 'house arrest'". CNN. July 3, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  34. "Egypt declares national emergency". BBC. August 14, 2013. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  35. url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/08/201381522364486906.html
  36. url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/12/egypt-rab-killings-likely-crimes-against-humanity
  37. "Government Assessment of the Syrian Government's Use of Chemical Weapons on August 21, 2013". The White House. August 30, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
  38. "Nairobi siege: What we know". BBC News. September 23, 2013. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  39. "Minamata mercury treaty signed at UN conference". THE TIMES OF INDIA. October 10, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
  40. "Mars mission starts, Mangalyaan launched successfully". Times of India. November 5, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  41. "Typhoon Haiyan: Thousands feared dead in Philippines". BBC News. November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
  42. "Bacon painting fetches record price". BBC News. BBC. November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  43. Vogel, Carol (November 12, 2013). "At $142.4 Million, Triptych Is the Most Expensive Artwork Ever Sold at an Auction". The New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  44. "Ukraine's Euromaidan: Now Comes the Hard Part". name.
  45. "Obama: Iran nuclear deal limits ability to create nuclear weapons". CNN. November 24, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
  46. "Iran agrees to curb nuclear activity at Geneva talks". BBC. November 24, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
  47. Walker, Andrew (December 7, 2013). "WTO agrees global trade deal worth $1tn". BBC News. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  48. "China lands Jade Rabbit robot rover on Moon". BBC. December 14, 2013.

Introductions[]

  1. Coat of arms of Pope Francis
  2. Coca-Cola Life

Literature[]

  1. Allegiant by Veronica Roth
  2. The Goldfinch by Donna Tartt

Television[]

  1. Vikings
  2. The Blacklist
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