1992 Summer Olympics

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"Barcelona 1992" redirects here. For the Summer Paralympics, see 1992 Summer Paralympics.

Games of the XXV Olympiad

File:1992 Summer Olympics logo.svg Emblem of the 1992 Summer Olympics
Host city	Barcelona, Spain
Motto	Friends For Life (Spanish: Amigos para siempre, Catalan: Amics per sempre)
Nations	169
Athletes	9,386 (6,663 men, 2,723 women)
Events	257 in 25 sports (34 disciplines)
Opening	25 July 1992
Closing	9 August 1992
Opened by	King Juan Carlos I
Cauldron	Antonio Rebollo
Stadium	Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys
Summer Winter 1992 Summer Paralympics

Template:1992 Summer Olympics

The 1992 Summer Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1992, Catalan: Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1992), officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad (Spanish: Juegos de la XXV Olimpiada, Catalan: Jocs de la XXV Olimpíada) and commonly known as Barcelona '92, were an international multi-sport event held from 25 July to 9 August 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Beginning in 1994, the International Olympic Committee decided to hold the Summer and Winter Olympics in alternating even-numbered years. The 1992 Summer and Winter Olympics were the last games to be staged in the same year. This games was the second and last two consecutive Olympic games to be held in Western Europe after the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France held five months earlier.

The 1992 Summer Games were the first since the end of the Cold War, and the first unaffected by boycotts since the 1972 Summer Games. 1992 was also the first year South Africa was re-invited to the Olympic Games by the International Olympic Committee, after a 32-year ban from participating in international sport. The Unified Team (made up by the former Soviet republics without the Baltic states) topped the medal table, winning 45 gold and 112 overall medals.

Host city selection

Barcelona is the second-largest city in Spain and the capital of the autonomous community of Catalonia, and the hometown of then-IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch and the famous European club, FC Barcelona. The city was also a host for the 1982 FIFA World Cup. On 17 October 1986, Barcelona was selected to host the 1992 Summer Olympics over Amsterdam, Netherlands; Belgrade, Yugoslavia; Birmingham, United Kingdom; Brisbane, Australia; and Paris, France, during the 91st IOC Session in Lausanne, Switzerland. With 85 out of 89 members of the IOC voting by secret ballot, Barcelona won a majority of 47 votes. Samaranch abstained from voting. In the same IOC meeting, Albertville, France, won the right to host the 1992 Winter Games. Paris and Brisbane would eventually be selected to host the 2024 and 2032 Summer Olympics respectively.

Barcelona had previously bid for the 1936 Summer Olympics that were ultimately held in Berlin.

1992 Summer Olympics bidding results

City	NOC Name	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3
Barcelona	Spain	29	37	47
Paris	France	19	20	23
Belgrade	Yugoslavia	13	11	5
Brisbane	Australia	11	9	10
Birmingham	Great Britain	8	8	—
Amsterdam	Netherlands	5	—	—

Highlights

See also: 1992 Summer Olympics opening ceremony and 1992 Summer Olympics closing ceremony

File:Barcelona AUGUST 1992 the Olympic Games (Juegos Olímpicos de Barcelona 1992) - panoramio.jpg

The Olympic cauldron lit during the Games

File:Dream Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics.JPEG

David Robinson shoots a free throw to help secure the gold medal for the United States "Dream Team".

• At the innovative opening ceremony, Greek mezzo-soprano Agnes Baltsa sang "Romiossini" as the Olympic flag was paraded around the stadium. Alfredo Kraus later sang the Olympic Hymn in Catalan, Spanish and French, as the flag was hoisted.
• The Olympic flame cauldron was lit by a flaming arrow, shot by Paralympic archer Antonio Rebollo. The arrow had been lit by the flame of the Olympic Torch. Rebollo overshot the cauldron as this was the original design of the lighting scheme.
• South Africa was allowed to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time since the 1960 Summer Olympics, after a long suspension for its apartheid policy. After a close race in the Women's 10,000 metres event, white South African runner Elana Meyer and black Ethiopian runner Derartu Tulu (winner) ran a victory lap together, hand-in-hand.
• Following its reunification in 1990, Germany sent a single, unified Olympic team for the first time since the 1964 Summer Olympics.
• As the Soviet Union had been dissolved in 1991, the Baltic nations of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania sent their own teams for the first time since 1936. The other Soviet republics competed under the name Unified Team. These nations consisted of present-day Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
• The separation of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia led to the Olympic debuts of Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Due to United Nations sanctions, athletes from Federal Republic of Yugoslavia were not allowed to participate with their own team. However, some individual athletes competed under the Olympic flag as Independent Olympic Participants.
• Fermín Cacho won the 1,500 metres in his home country, earning Spain's first-ever Olympic gold medal in a running event.
• Chinese diver Fu Mingxia, age 13, became the youngest Olympic gold medalist of all time.
• In men's artistic gymnastics, Vitaly Scherbo from Belarus, (representing the Unified Team), won six gold medals, including four in a single day. Scherbo tied Eric Heiden's record for individual gold medals at a single Olympics, winning five medals in an individual event. (Michael Phelps would later equal this record in 2008).
• In women's artistic gymnastics, Tatiana Gutsu took gold in the All-Around competition edging the United States' Shannon Miller.
• Russian swimmers dominated the freestyle events, with Alexander Popov and Yevgeny Sadovyi each winning two events. Sadovyi also won in the relays.
• Evelyn Ashford won her fourth Olympic gold medal in the 4×100-metre relay, making her one of only four female athletes to have achieved this in history.
• The young Krisztina Egerszegi of Hungary won three individual swimming gold medals.
• In women's 200 metre breaststroke, Kyoko Iwasaki of Japan won a gold medal at age of 14 years and six days, making her the youngest-ever gold medalist in swimming competitions at the Olympics.
• Algerian athlete Hassiba Boulmerka that was frequently criticized by Muslim groups in Algeria who thought she showed too much of her body when racing, received death threats and was forced to move to Europe to train, won the 1,500 metres, also holding the African women's record in this distance.
• After demonstrated in six previous Summer Olympic Games, baseball officially became an Olympic sport. Badminton and women's judo also became part of the Olympic program, while slalom canoeing returned to the Games after a 20-year absence.
• Roller hockey, basque pelota, and taekwondo were all demonstrated at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
• Several of the U.S. men's volleyball gold medal team from the 1988 Olympics returned to vie for another medal. In the first round, they lost a controversial match to Japan, sparking them to shave their heads in protest. This notably included player Steve Timmons, sacrificing his trademark red flattop for the protest.
• Mike Stulce of the United States won the men's shot put, beating the heavily favored Werner Günthör of Switzerland.
• On the 20th anniversary of the Munich massacre and the 500th anniversary of the Alhambra Decree, Yael Arad became the first Israeli to win an Olympic medal, winning a silver medal in judo. The next day, Oren Smadja became Israel's first male medalist, winning a bronze in the same sport.
• Derek Redmond of Great Britain tore a hamstring during a 400-meter semi-final heat. As he struggled to finish the race, his father entered the track without credentials and helped him complete the race, to a standing ovation from the crowd.
• Gail Devers won the 100-meter dash in one of the closest races in history. Five women finished within 0.06 seconds of each other. In the 100 meter hurdles, Devers was a clear favorite to win, though finished in fifth place when she hit the final hurdle and stumbled over the finish line. Voula Patoulidou from Greece won the event.
• In basketball, the admittance of professional players led to the formation of the "Dream Team" of the United States, featuring Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Larry Bird and other NBA stars. The Dream Team, which easily won the gold medal, would be inducted as a unit into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2010.
• Jennifer Capriati won the singles tennis competition at the age of 16. She had previously earned a spot in the semifinals of two grand slams at the age of 14.
• Two gold medals were awarded in solo synchronized swimming after a judge inadvertently entered the score of "8.7" instead of the intended "9.7" in the computerized scoring system for one of Sylvie Fréchette's figures. This error ultimately placed Fréchette second, leaving Kristen Babb-Sprague for the gold medal. Though immediate protests to FINA were unsuccessful, FINA awarded Fréchette a gold medal in December 1993, replacing her silver medal and leaving the two swimmers both with gold.
• Indonesia won its first-ever gold medal, after winning a silver medal at 1988 Olympics. Susi Susanti won the gold in badminton women's singles after defeating Bang Soo-hyun in the final round. Alan Budikusuma won the badminton men's singles competition, earning a second gold medal for Indonesia. Several years later, Susanti and Budikusuma married and she received the nickname golden bride or Olympic bride.

Records

Main article: World and Olympic records set at the 1992 Summer Olympics

Venues

Main article: Venues of the 1992 Summer Olympics

File:Barcelona stadium.JPG

Estadi Olímpic de Montjuïc

File:Palau San Jordi Torre Calatrava Barcelona.jpg

Palau Sant Jordi and Montjuïc Communications Tower

• Montjuïc Area:
  • Cross-country course – modern pentathlon (running)
  • Estadi Olímpic de Montjuïc – opening/closing ceremonies, athletics
  • Palau Sant Jordi – gymnastics (artistics), volleyball (final), and handball (final)
  • Piscines Bernat Picornell – modern pentathlon (swimming), swimming, synchronized swimming, and water polo (final)
  • Piscina Municipal de Montjuïc – diving and water polo
  • Institut National d'Educació Física de Catalunya – wrestling
  • Mataró – athletics (marathon start)
  • Palau dels Esports de Barcelona – gymnastics (rhythmic) and volleyball
  • Palau de la Metal·lúrgia – fencing, modern pentathlon (fencing)
  • Pavelló de l'Espanya Industrial – weightlifting
  • Walking course – athletics (walks)
• Diagonal Area:
  • Camp Nou – football (final)
  • Palau Blaugrana – judo, roller hockey (demonstration final), and taekwondo (demonstration)
  • Estadi de Sarrià – football
  • Real Club de Polo de Barcelona – equestrian (dressage, jumping, eventing final), modern pentathlon (riding)
• Vall d'Hebron Area:
  • Archery Field – archery
  • Pavelló de la Vall d'Hebron – basque pelota (demonstration) and volleyball
  • Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron – tennis
  • Velodrome – cycling (track)
• Parc de Mar Area
  • Estació del Nord Sports Hall – table tennis
  • Olympic Harbour – sailing
  • Pavelló de la Mar Bella – badminton
• Subsites
  • A-17 highway – cycling (road team time trial)
  • Banyoles Lake – rowing
  • Camp Municipal de Beisbol de Viladecans – baseball
  • Canal Olímpic de Catalunya – canoeing (sprint)
  • Circuit de Catalunya – cycling (road team time trial start/ finish)
  • Club Hípic El Montayá – equestrian (dressage, eventing endurance)
  • Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta – football
  • Estadi Olímpic de Terrassa – field hockey
  • Estadio Luís Casanova – football
  • La Romareda – football
  • L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Baseball Stadium – baseball (final)
  • Mollet del Vallès Shooting Range – modern pentathlon (shooting), shooting
  • Palau D'Esports de Granollers – handball
  • Parc Olímpic del Segre – canoeing (slalom)
  • Pavelló Club Joventut Badalona – boxing
  • Pavelló de l'Ateneu de Sant Sadurní – roller hockey (demonstration)
  • Pavelló del Club Patí Vic – roller hockey (demonstration)
  • Pavelló d'Esports de Reus – roller hockey (demonstration)
  • Pavelló Olímpic de Badalona – basketball
  • Sant Sadurní Cycling Circuit – cycling (individual road race)
• Some events, including diving, took place in view of construction of the Sagrada Família

Medals awarded

Main article: List of 1992 Summer Olympics medal winners

The 1992 Summer Olympic programme featured 257 events in the following 25 sports:

Template:Col-1-of-4

• Aquatics
  • File:Diving pictogram.svg Diving (4)
  • File:Swimming pictogram.svg Swimming (31)
  • File:Synchronized swimming pictogram.svg Synchronized swimming (2)
  • File:Water polo pictogram.svg Water polo (1)
• File:Archery pictogram.svg Archery (4)
• File:Athletics pictogram.svg Athletics (43)
• File:Badminton pictogram.svg Badminton (4)
• File:Baseball pictogram.svg Baseball (1)
• File:Basketball pictogram.svg Basketball (2)

Template:Col-2-of-4

• File:Boxing pictogram.svg Boxing (12)
• File:Canoeing (slalom) pictogram.svg Canoeing
  • Sprint (12)
  • Slalom (4)
• File:Cycling (road) pictogram.svg Cycling
  • Road (3)
  • Track (7)
• File:Equestrian pictogram.svg Equestrian
  • Dressage (2)
  • Eventing (2)
  • Show jumping (2)

Template:Col-3-of-4

• File:Fencing pictogram.svg Fencing (8)
• File:Field hockey pictogram.svg Field hockey (2)
• File:Football pictogram.svg Football (1)
• File:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg Gymnastics
  • Artistic (14)
  • Rhythmic (1)
• File:Handball pictogram.svg Handball (2)
• File:Judo pictogram.svg Judo (14)
• File:Modern pentathlon pictogram.svg Modern pentathlon (2)
• File:Rowing pictogram.svg Rowing (14)

Template:Col-4-of-4

• File:Sailing pictogram.svg Sailing (10)
• File:Shooting pictogram.svg Shooting (13)
• File:Table tennis pictogram.svg Table tennis (4)
• File:Tennis pictogram.svg Tennis (4)
• File:Volleyball (indoor) pictogram.svg Volleyball (2)
• File:Weightlifting pictogram.svg Weightlifting (10)
• File:Wrestling pictogram.svg Wrestling
  • Freestyle (10)
  • Greco-Roman (10)

Demonstration sports

• File:Basque pelota pictogram.svg Basque pelota (10)
• File:Roller hockey pictogram.svg Roller hockey (quad) (1)
• File:Taekwondo pictogram.svg Taekwondo (16)

Calendar

All times are in Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)

●

Opening ceremony

Event competitions

●

Event finals

●

Closing ceremony

Date	July								August
	24th Fri	25th Sat	26th Sun	27th Mon	28th Tue	29th Wed	30th Thu	31st Fri	1st Sat	2nd Sun	3rd Mon	4th Tue	5th Wed	6th Thu	7th Fri	8th Sat	9th Sun
Archery										●	●	● ●
Athletics								● ●	● ● ● ●	● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●		● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●	●
Badminton												● ● ● ●
Baseball													●
Basketball															●	●
Boxing																● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●
Canoeing									● ●	● ●					● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●
Cycling			● ●	●		●		● ● ● ● ●		●
Diving				●		●				●	●
Equestrian							● ●			●		●	●				●
Fencing							●	●	●	●		●	●	●	●
Field hockey															●	●
Football																●
Gymnastics					●	●	●	●	● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●						●
Handball																● ●
Judo				● ●	● ●	● ●	● ●	● ●	● ●	● ●
Modern pentathlon						● ●
Rowing									● ● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●
Sailing										● ●	● ● ● ● ● ● ●	●
Shooting			● ●	● ●	● ●	●	● ●	● ●	●	● ●
Swimming			● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●	● ● ● ● ● ●
Synchronized swimming														●	●
Table tennis											●	●	●	●
Tennis															● ●	● ●
Volleyball																●	●
Water polo																	●
Weightlifting			●	●	●	●	●		●	●	● ●	●
Wrestling					● ● ●	● ● ●	● ● ● ●						● ● ●	● ● ●	● ● ● ●
Total gold medals			9	12	14	17	19	19	22	30	18	11	12	12	22	30	10
Ceremonies		●															●
Date	24th Fri	25th Sat	26th Sun	27th Mon	28th Tue	29th Wed	30th Thu	31st Fri	1st Sat	2nd Sun	3rd Mon	4th Tue	5th Wed	6th Thu	7th Fri	8th Sat	9th Sun
	July								August

Participating National Olympic Committees

File:1992 Summer Olympic games countries.png

Participants

File:1992 Summer olympics team numbers.gif

Participating countries by number of competitors

A total of 169 nations sent athletes to compete in the 1992 Summer Games.

With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, twelve of the fifteen new states formed a Unified Team, while the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania each had their own teams for the first time since 1936. For the first time, Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina competed as independent nations after their separation from Socialist Yugoslavia, and Namibia and the unified team of Yemen (previously North and South Yemen) also made their Olympic debuts.

The 1992 Summer Olympics notably marked Germany competing as a unified team for the first time since 1964, while South Africa returned to the Games for the first time in 32 years.

The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was banned due to UN sanctions, but individual Yugoslav athletes were allowed to take part as Independent Olympic Participants. Four National Olympic Committees did not send any athletes to compete: Afghanistan, Brunei, Liberia and Somalia.

Participating National Olympic Committees
(host)

• participated in the Opening Ceremony, but its delegation consisted of only one official. This also occurred in the 1988 Games
• Afghanistan didn't send their athletes to compete, but the country took part in the Parade of Nations.
• and also participated in the Opening Ceremony, but its accredited athletes (five and two, respectively) did not enter to compete.

Medal count

Main article: 1992 Summer Olympics medal table

The following table reflects the top ten nations in terms of total medals won at the 1992 Games (the host nation is highlighted).

1		45	38	29	112
2		37	34	37	108
3		33	21	28	82
4		16	22	16	54
5		14	6	11	31
6		13	7	2	22
7		12	5	12	29
8		11	12	7	30
9		8	5	16	29
10		7	9	11	27

Broadcast rights

The 1992 Summer Olympics were covered in many countries by the following television and radio broadcasters:

Territory	Television	Radio
Algeria	ENTV
Argentina	América TV Telefe Canal 13
Austria	ORF	ORF
Australia	Seven Network	ABC
Belarus	btv
Belgium	BRTN RTBF	BRTN RTBF
Brazil	Rede Bandeirantes Rede Globo SBT São Paulo Rede Manchete	RB Rádio Brasil Itália Rádio Record
Bulgaria	BNT
Canada	CTV TVA
Chile	TVN	RTU
China	CCTV	CPBS
CIS	Channel One RTR
Colombia		RCN Radio Caracol Radio Inravisión
Croatia	HRT	HRT
Cuba	ICRT	ICRT
Cyprus	CyBC
Czechoslovakia	ČST	Czechoslovak Radio
Denmark	DR	DR
Egypt	ERTU	ERTU
Estonia	ETV
Finland	Yle	Yle
France	Antenne 2 FR3 TF1 Canal+	Radio France Europe 1 RFI
Germany	ARD ZDF	ARD
Greece	ERT	ERT
Hong Kong	ATV (Cantonese and English) TVB (Cantonese and English) STAR TV (Chinese and English)
Hungary	MTV	Magyar Rádió
Iceland	RÚV	RÚV
India	Doordarshan
Indonesia	RCTI (Jakarta and Bandung) SCTV (Surabaya, Solo and Denpasar) TPI Education (Jakarta, Banda Aceh and Dili)	Radio Republik Indonesia
Iran	Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting
Ireland	RTÉ	RTÉ
Israel	IBA	IBA
Italy	RAI	RAI
Japan	TV Asahi Tokyo Fuji Television Tokyo NHK General TV Tokyo Nippon Television Tokyo TBS Tokyo TV Tokyo	FM Hokkaidō Bunka Hōsō Nippon Hōsō
Jordan	JRTV
Lebanon	Télé Liban
Libya	LJBC
Lithuania	LTV
Luxembourg	RTL	RTL
Macau	TDM STAR TV (Chinese and English)	TDM
Malaysia	RTM (TV1 and TV2) STMB (TV3)	RTM
Malta	MBA
Mexico	Televisa
Monaco	RMC	RMC
Mongolia	Mongolian TV
Morocco	RTM	RTM
Netherlands	NOS	NOS
New Zealand	TVNZ	RNZ
Norway	NRK	NRK
Pakistan	PTV	PBC
Philippines	ABS-CBN	DZSR Sports Radio 738
Poland	TVP	PR S.A.
Portugal	RTP	RDP
Puerto Rico	WIPR
Romania	TVR	Radio România
Singapore	SBC Channel 12
Slovenia	RTVSLO	RTVSLO
South Africa	SABC
South Korea	KBS (KBS 1TV) MBC SBS
Spain	TVE (international broadcast signal)	Antena 3 COPE RNE Onda Cero Cadena SER
Sweden	SVT	SR
Switzerland	SRG SSR TSI	SRG SSR
Taiwan	TTV CTV CTS
Thailand	Channel 3 Channel 5 Channel 7 Channel 9 Television Thailand Channel 11
Tunisia	ERTT
Turkey	TRT	TRT
United Kingdom	BBC Television (BBC One London) ITV (Thames Television)	BBC Radio (BBC Radio 4 London)
United States	NBC	West Coast Talk Radio
Venezuela	Venevisión

Effect on the city

File:050529 Barcelona 049.jpg

Frank Gehry's Fish sculpture in front of the Hotel Arts (left) and the Torre Mapfre (right) in the Olympic Village neighbourhood

The celebration of the 1992 Olympic Games had an enormous impact on the urban culture and external projection of Barcelona. The Games provided billions of dollars for infrastructure investments, which are considered to have improved the quality of life and attraction of the city for investment and tourism. Barcelona became one of the most visited cities in Europe after Paris, London, and Rome.

Barcelona's nomination for the 1992 Summer Games sparked the application of a previously elaborated ambitious urban plan. Barcelona opened to the sea with the construction of the Olympic Village and Olympic Port in Poblenou. New centres were created, and modern sports facilities were built in the Olympic zones of Montjuïc, Diagonal, and Vall d'Hebron. Hotels were also either built or refurbished. The construction of ring roads around the city helped reduce the density of the traffic, and El Prat airport was modernized and expanded as two new terminals were opened.

Cost and cost overrun

The Oxford Olympics Study estimates the outturn cost of the Barcelona 1992 Summer Olympics at USD 9.7 billion in 2015-dollars and cost overrun at 266% in real terms. This includes sports-related costs only, that is, (i) operational costs incurred by the organizing committee for the purpose of staging the Games, e.g., expenditures for technology, transportation, workforce, administration, security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and (ii) direct capital costs incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build, e.g., the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast center, and media and press center, which are required to host the Games. Indirect capital costs are not included, such as for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, or for hotel upgrades or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The cost and cost overrun for Barcelona 1992 compares with costs of USD 4.6 billion and a cost overrun of 51% for Rio 2016 and USD 15 billion and 76% for London 2012. Average cost for the Summer Games since 1960 is USD 5.2 billion, average cost overrun is 176%.

Songs and themes

There were two main musical themes for the 1992 Games. The first one was "Barcelona", a classical crossover song composed five years earlier by Freddie Mercury and Mike Moran; Mercury was an admirer of lyric soprano Montserrat Caballé, both recorded the official theme as a duet. Due to Mercury's death eight months earlier, the duo was unable to perform the song together during the opening ceremony. A recording of the song instead played over a travelogue of the city at the start of the opening ceremony, seconds before the official countdown. "Amigos Para Siempre" (Friends for Life) was the other musical theme. It was written by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Don Black, and sung by Sarah Brightman and José Carreras during the closing ceremonies.

Ryuichi Sakamoto composed and conducted the opening ceremony musical score. The Opening Olympic fanfare was composed by Angelo Badalamenti and with orchestrations by Joseph Turrin.

Mascot

Main article: Cobi

The official mascot was Cobi, a Catalan sheepdog in cubist style designed by Javier Mariscal.

Corporate image and identity

A renewal in Barcelona's image and corporate identity could be seen in the publication of posters, commemorative coins, stamps minted by the FNMT in Madrid, and the Barcelona 1992 Olympic Official Commemorative Medals, designed and struck in Barcelona.

See also

• 1992 Summer Paralympics
• 1992 Winter Olympics
• 1992 Winter Paralympics
• List of IOC country codes
• Olympics Triplecast
• Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games — 1992 Barcelona

External links

• "Barcelona 1992". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.
• Template:IOC medals
• Official Report of the Games of the XXV Olympiad Barcelona 1992
• Barcelona Olympic Foundation
• Olympic Review 1992 - Official results
• Barcelona Olympic Stadium
• Postage stamps of the Republic of Moldova, celebrating the Barcelona Summer Olympics in 1992
• Postage stamps of the Republic of Moldova, celebrating medal winners at the Barcelona Summer Olympics in 1992

Preceded by Seoul

Summer Olympic Games Barcelona XXV Olympiad (1992)

Succeeded by Atlanta

Template:Nations at the 1992 Summer Olympics Template:EventsAt1992SummerOlympics Template:1992 Summer Olympic venues

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