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Millennium:
Centuries:
  • * *
Decades:
  • * * ' * *
Years:
  • * * * ' * * *
1931 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1931
MCMXXXI
Ab urbe condita2684
Armenian calendar1380
ԹՎ ՌՅՁ
Assyrian calendar6681
Bahá'í calendar87–88
Balinese saka calendar1852–1853
Bengali calendar1338
Berber calendar2881
British Regnal year21 Geo. 5 – 22 Geo. 5
Buddhist calendar2475
Burmese calendar1293
Byzantine calendar7439–7440
Chinese calendar庚午(Metal Horse)
4627 or 4567
    — to —
辛未年 (Metal Goat)
4628 or 4568
Coptic calendar1647–1648
Discordian calendar3097
Ethiopian calendar1923–1924
Hebrew calendar5691–5692
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1987–1988
 - Shaka Samvat1852–1853
 - Kali Yuga5031–5032
Holocene calendar11931
Igbo calendar931–932
Iranian calendar1309–1310
Islamic calendar1349–1350
Japanese calendarShōwa 6
(昭和6年)
Javanese calendar1861–1862
Juche calendar20
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4264
Minguo calendarROC 20
民國20年
Nanakshahi calendar463
Thai solar calendar2473–2474
Tibetan calendar阳金马年
(male Iron-Horse)
2057 or 1676 or 904
    — to —
阴金羊年
(female Iron-Goat)
2058 or 1677 or 905

1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1931st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 931st year of the , the 31st year of the , and the 2nd year of the decade.

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Events[]

January[]

Main article: January 1931
  • January – The National Committee for Modification of the Volstead Act is formed to work for the repeal of Prohibition in the United States.
  • January 2South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics.
  • January 3Albert Einstein begins doing research at the California Institute of Technology, along with astronomer Edwin Hubble.
  • January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa.
  • January 6Thomas Edison submits his last patent application.
  • January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia.
  • January 25Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India.[citation needed]
  • January 27Pierre Laval forms a government in France.
  • January 30 – Release of the movie City Lights starring Charlie Chaplin.

February[]

Main article: February 1931
  • February 3Hawke's Bay earthquake: Much of the New Zealand cities of Napier and Hastings are destroyed in an earthquake measuring 7.9 on the Richter scale killing 256 people.
  • February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong industrialized countries will win wars while "weak" nations are "beaten". Stalin states : "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us." Intensification of the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union for industrialization and collectivization of agriculture.
  • February 10 – Official inauguration ceremonies for New Delhi as the capital of India begin.[1]
  • February 11National Socialist (NSDAP) and German National People's Party (DNVP) members walk out of the German Reichstag in protest against changes in the parliament's protocol intended to limit heckling.
  • February 12Vatican Radio first broadcasts.
  • February 14 – The original film version of Dracula with Bela Lugosi is released in the United States.
  • February 16Pehr Evind Svinhufvud is elected president of Finland.
  • February 20California gets the go-ahead by the United States Congress to build the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge.
  • February 21Peruvian revolutionaries hijack a Ford Trimotor aeroplane and demand that the pilot drop propaganda leaflets over Lima.
File:Delhi India Government.jpg

February 10: New Delhi becomes India's capital

File:Ford Trimotor.jpg

February 21: Ford Trimotor hijacked

March[]

Main article: March 1931
  • March 1 – The USS Arizona is placed back in full commission after a refit.
  • March 1 – Sir Oswald Mosley founds the New Party as a breakaway from the Labour Party in the United Kingdom.
  • March 3The Star-Spangled Banner is adopted as the United States' National anthem.
  • March 5 – The British viceroy of India and Mohandas Gandhi sign the Gandhi–Irwin Pact.
  • March 7 – The new House of Representatives opens in Helsinki, Finland.
  • March 11 – The Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR programme, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.
  • March 17Nevada legalizes gambling.
  • March 19Westminster St George's by-election in the U.K. results in the victory of the Conservative candidate Duff Cooper. The by-election has been treated virtually as a referendum on the leadership of the Conservative leader Stanley Baldwin, and Duff Cooper's victory ends the campaign by the press barons Lord Beaverbrook and Viscount Rothermere to oust Baldwin.
  • March 23 – Indian revolutionary leaders Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for conspiracy to murder in the British Raj.
  • March 25 – The Scottsboro Boys are arrested in Alabama and charged with rape.
  • March 27 – English writer Arnold Bennett dies of typhoid in London shortly after returning from a visit to Paris, where he drank local water to prove it was safe.
  • March 31 – An earthquake destroys Managua, Nicaragua, killing 2,000 people.

April[]

Main article: April 1931
  • April 1 – The Second Encirclement Campaign against Jiangxi Soviet in China is launched by the Kuomintang government to destroy the Communist forces in Jiangxi province.
  • April 6 – The Portuguese government declares martial law in Madeira and in the Azores because of an attempted military takeover in Funchal.
  • April 9 – Argentinian anarchist Severino Digiovanni is executed.
  • April 12 – Municipal elections in Spain, which are treated as a virtual referendum on the monarchy, result in the triumph for the republican parties.
  • April 14 – The Second Spanish Republic is proclaimed in Madrid. Meanwhile, as a result of the victory of the Republican Left of Catalonia, Francesc Macià proclaims in Barcelona the Catalan Republic, as state of the Iberian Federation.
  • April 15 – The Castellammarese War ends with the assassination of Joe "The Boss" Masseria, briefly leaving Salvatore Maranzano as capo di tutti i capi ("boss of all bosses") and undisputed ruler of the American Mafia. Maranzano is himself assassinated less than 6 months later, leading to the establishment of the Five Families.
  • April 17 – After the negotiations between the republican ministers of Spain and Catalonia, the Catalan Republic becomes into Generalitat of Catalonia, a Catalan autonomous government inside the Spanish Republic.
  • April 22Austria, the UK, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the USA recognize the Spanish Republic.
  • April 25 – The automobile manufacturer Porsche is founded by Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart.

May[]

Main article: May 1931
File:Manhattan at Dusk by slonecker.jpg

May 1: Empire State Building is completed.

  • May 1 – Construction of the Empire State Building is completed in New York City.
  • May 4Kemal Atatürk is re-elected president of Turkey.
  • May 5İsmet İnönü forms a new government in Turkey (7th government).
  • May 11 – The Creditanstalt, Austria's largest bank, goes bankrupt, beginning the banking collapse in Central Europe that causes a worldwide financial meltdown.
  • May 13Paul Doumer is elected president of France.
  • May 14Ådalen shootings: Five people are killed in Ådalen, Sweden, when soldiers open fire on an unarmed trade union demonstration.
  • May 15
    • The Chinese Communists inflict a sharp defeat on the Kuomintang forces.
    • Pope Pius XI issues the encyclical Quadragesimo anno on the "reconstruction of the social order".
  • May 31 – The Second Encirclement Campaign against Jiangxi Soviet ends in defeat of the Kuomintang.

June[]

Main article: June 1931
  • June 3Salvador Dalí's The Persistence of Memory is put on display for the first time in Paris at the Galerie Pierre Colle.
  • June 5 – German Chancellor Dr. Heinrich Brüning visits London, where he warns the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald that the collapse of the Austrian banking system, caused by the bankruptcy of the Creditanstalt, has left the entire German banking system on the verge of collapse.
  • June 12 – English cricketer Charlie Parker equals J. T. Hearne's record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets.
  • June 14Saint-Philibert disaster: the overloaded pleasure craft Saint-Philibert, carrying trippers home to Nantes from the Île de Noirmoutier, sinks at the mouth of the river Loire in France; over 450 drown.
  • June 19
    • In an attempt to stop the banking crisis in Central Europe from causing a worldwide financial meltdown, U.S. President Herbert Hoover issues the Hoover Moratorium.
    • The Geneva Convention (1929) relative to the treatment of prisoners of war enters into force.
  • June 23July 1Wiley Post and Harold Gatty accomplish the first round-the-world flight in a single-engine plane, flying eastabout from Roosevelt Field, New York, in 8 days, 15 hours, 51 minutes.[2]

July[]

Main article: July 1931
  • July – John Haven Emerson of Cambridge, Massachusetts perfects his negative pressure ventilator ("iron lung") just in time for the growing polio epidemic.
  • July 1 – Rebuilt Milano Centrale railway station officially opens in Italy.
  • July 9 – Irish racing driver Kaye Don breaks the world water speed record at Lake Garda, Italy.[3]
  • July 13 – Royal soldiers shoot and kill 22 people demonstrating against the Maharaja Hari Singh of the Indian princely state of Kashmir and Jammu.[4]
  • July 16 – Emperor Haile Selassie signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
  • July 26 – The millennialist Bible Student movement adopts the name Jehovah's Witnesses at a meeting in Columbus, Ohio.
  • July 31 – The May Report in the United Kingdom recommends extensive cuts to government expenditure. This produces a political crisis as many members of the Labour Party (at this time in government) object to the proposals.

August[]

Main article: August 1931
  • The 1931 China floods reach their peak in possibly the deadliest natural disaster yet recorded.
  • Warner Brothers releases the first Merrie Melodies cartoon, Lady, Play Your Mandolin.
  • August 9 – Referendum in Prussia for dissolving the Landtag ends with the "yes" side winning 37% of the vote, which is insufficient for calling the early elections. The elections are intended to remove the Social Democratic Party (SPD) government of Otto Braun, which is one of the strongest forces for democracy in Germany. Supporting the "yes" side were the NSDAP, the DNVP and the Communist Party (KPD) while supporting the "no" side were the SPD and Zentrum.
  • August 11 – Run on the British pound leads to political and economic crisis in Britain.
  • August 24 – The Labour Government of Ramsay MacDonald resigns in Britain, replaced by a National Government of people drawn from all parties, also under MacDonald.

September[]

Main article: September 1931
File:Jĭuyībā Lìshĭ Bówùguăn九・一八歴史博物館106997.JPG

September 18: The Mukden Incident: Incident Museum in Shenyang

  • September 5John Thomson, Scottish football player, dies as the result of an accident during a CelticRangers match.
  • September 7Second Round Table Conference on the constitutional future of India opens in London. Mahatma Gandhi represents the Indian National Congress.
  • September 10 – The worst hurricane in British Honduras history kills an estimated 1,500.
  • September 15Invergordon Mutiny: Strikes are called in the British Royal Navy due to decreased pay.
  • September 16 – Hanging of resistance leader Omar Mukhtar in Italian Libya.
  • September 18
    • Japanese military stage the Mukden Incident as a pretext for the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
    • Geli Raubal commits suicide in her uncle Adolf Hitler's apartment.
  • September 20 – With a gun literally pointed to his head the Chinese commander of Kirin province announces the annexation of that territory to Japan.
  • September 22 – The United Kingdom abandons the gold standard.

October[]

Main article: October 1931
  • October – The Caltech Department of Physics faculty and graduate students meet with Albert Einstein as a guest.
  • October 4Dick Tracy, the comic strip detective character created by cartoonist Chester Gould, makes his debut appearance in the Detroit Mirror newspaper.
  • October 5 – American aviators Clyde Edward Pangborn and Hugh Herndon, Jr., complete the first non-stop flight across the Pacific Ocean, from Misawa, Japan, to East Wenatchee, Washington, in 41½ hours.[5]
  • October 11 – Rally in Bad Harzburg, Germany leads to the Harzburg Front being founded, uniting the NSDAP, the DNVP, the Stahlhelm and various other right-wing fractions.
  • October 17
    • American gangster Al Capone is sentenced to 11 years in prison for tax evasion in Chicago.
    • Leeds Bradford International Airport is opened as Leeds and Bradford Municipal Aerodrome in England.
  • October 24 – The George Washington Bridge across the Hudson River in the United States is dedicated; it opens to traffic the following day. At 3,500 feet (1,100 m), it nearly doubles the previous record for the longest main span in the world.
  • October 27United Kingdom general election results in the victory of the National Government and the defeat of Labour Party in the country's greatest ever electoral landslide.

November[]

Main article: November 1931
  • November 7 – The Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed by Mao Zedong.
  • November 8
    • French police launch a large-scale raid against Corsican bandits.
    • The Panama Canal is closed for a couple of weeks due to damage caused by earthquakes.
    • Our Gang kid Darla Hood is born in Leedey, Oklahoma.
  • November 21 – The infamous Red-and-White Party, given by Arthur Jeffress in Maud Allan’s Regent's Park townhouse in London, marks the end of the "Bright young things" subculture in Britain.[6]
  • November 25
    • Heavy hydrogen, later named deuterium, is discovered by chemist Harold Clayton Urey.
    • Ali Fethi Okyar forms a new government in Turkey (third government).
    • Release of James Whale's film of Frankenstein in New York.

December[]

Main article: December 1931
  • December 5 – Original Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow (1883) is dynamited by order of Joseph Stalin.
  • December 8Carl Friedrich Goerdeler is appointed Reich Price Commissioner in Germany to enforce the deflationary policies of the Brüning government.
  • December 9 – The Spanish Constituent Cortes approves the Spanish Constitution of 1931, effectively establishing the Second Spanish Republic.
  • December 10
    • Jane Addams became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
    • Niceto Alcalá-Zamora is elected president of the Spanish Republic.
  • December 11 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom enacts the Statute of Westminster, which establishes a status of legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Irish Free State, Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand and the Union of South Africa.
  • December 13Wakatsuki Reijirō resigns as Prime Minister of Japan.
  • December 26Phi Iota Alpha, the oldest surviving Latino fraternity, is founded in the United States.

Date unknown[]

  • Ust-Abakanskoye becomes Abakan.

Births[]

January[]

File:Toshiki Kaifu 1991.jpg

Toshiki Kaifu

File:Robert Duvall 2 by David Shankbone.jpg

Robert Duvall

File:Caterina Valente 1966.jpg

Caterina Valente

File:James Earl Jones (8516667383).jpg

James Earl Jones

February[]

File:Борис Николаевич Ельцин.jpg

Boris Yeltsin

File:James Dean in Rebel Without a Cause.jpg

James Dean

  • February 1Boris Yeltsin, President of Russia (d. 2007)
  • February 2
    • Dries van Agt, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1977 until 1982
    • Les Dawson, British comedian (d. 1993)
    • Hillel Zaks, Polish-born Israeli rabbi (d. 2015)
    • Walter Burkert, German writer (d. 2015)
  • February 4Isabel Martínez de Perón, former President of Argentina from 1974 until 1976
  • February 6
    • Rip Torn, American actor and director
    • Mamie Van Doren, American actress and author
  • February 8James Dean, American actor (d. 1955)
  • February 9
    • Thomas Bernhard, Austrian author (d. 1989)
    • Jack Van Impe, American televangelist
  • February 11Larry Merchant, American author and boxing commentator
  • February 13Geoff Edwards, American actor and game show host (d. 2014)
  • February 15Claire Bloom, English actress
  • February 16
    • George E. Sangmeister, American politician (d. 2007)
    • Ken Takakura, Japanese actor (d. 2014)
  • February 18
    • Johnny Hart, American cartoonist (d. 2007)
    • Toni Morrison, American writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature
    • Bob St. Clair, American football player (d. 2015)
  • February 24Brian Close, English cricketer
  • February 25Eric Edgar Cooke, Australian serial killer (d. 1964)
  • February 28
    • Dean Smith, American basketball coach (d. 2015)
    • Gavin MacLeod, American actor and Mayor of Pacific Palisades

March[]

File:RIAN archive 850809 General Secretary of the CPSU CC M. Gorbachev (crop).jpg

Mikhail Gorbachev

File:Rupert Murdoch - Flickr - Eva Rinaldi Celebrity and Live Music Photographer.jpg

Rupert Murdoch

File:William Shatner Sydney 2014.jpg

William Shatner

File:Leonard Nimoy by Gage Skidmore.jpg

Leonard Nimoy

  • March 2
  • March 3John Smith, American actor (d. 1995)
  • March 4
    • Wally Bruner, American journalist and television host (d. 1997)
    • William Cardinal Keeler, American Roman Catholic prelate
    • Alice Rivlin, American economist
  • March 8Neil Postman, American media theorist and cultural critic (d. 2003)
  • March 9
    • Jackie Healy-Rae, Irish Politician (d. 2014)
    • León Febres Cordero, President of Ecuador (d. 2008)
  • March 11
    • Janosch, German writer
    • Rupert Murdoch, Australian-born publisher
  • March 12Herb Kelleher, American businessman
  • March 15Ted Marchibroda, American football player (d. 2016)
  • March 18
    • Shirley Stovroff, American female professional baseball player (d. 1994)
    • Vlastimil Bubník, Czech ice hockey and football player (d. 2015)
  • March 20
    • Hal Linden, American actor and singer
    • Karen Steele, American actress (d. 1988)
  • March 22
  • March 24Connie Hines, American actress (d. 2009)
  • March 26Leonard Nimoy, American actor and director (d. 2015)
  • March 27David Janssen, American actor (d. 1980)
  • March 29
    • Aleksei Gubarev, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2015)
    • Norman Tebbit, British politician

April[]

  • April 1
    • Ita Ever, Estonian actress
    • Rolf Hochhuth, German writer
  • April 5Héctor Olivera, Argentine film director, producer and screenwriter
  • April 6Suchitra Sen (Roma Dasgupta), legendary Bengali actress (d. 2014)
  • April 11
    • Luis Cabral, Guinea-Bissauan President (d. 2009)
    • Mustafa Dağıstanlı, Turkish free-style wrestler
    • Johnny Sheffield, American child actor (d. 2010)
  • April 15
    • Helen Maksagak, Canadian, first Inuk and woman to be the Commissioner of both the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (d. 2009)
    • Tomas Tranströmer, Swedish poet and translator, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (d. 2015)
  • April 27Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist
  • April 29
    • Frank Auerbach, German-born painter
    • Lonnie Donegan, Scottish musician (d. 2002)

May[]

File:Willie Mays cropped.jpg

Willie Mays

  • May 6Willie Mays, American baseball player
  • May 7Teresa Brewer, American pop and jazz singer (d. 2007)
  • May 10Ichirō Nagai, Japanese voice actor (d. 2014)
  • May 13
    • András Hajnal, Hungarian mathematician
    • Jim Jones, American cult leader (d. 1978)
    • Jiří Petr, Czech university president
  • May 14Alvin Lucier, American composer
  • May 15
    • Joseph A. Califano, Jr., Chairman of the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse
    • Ken Venturi, American golfer (d. 2013)
  • May 16
    • Jack Dodson, American actor (d. 1994)
    • Natwar Singh, Indian politician
  • May 17Marshall Applewhite, Heaven's Gate religious sect founder (d. 1997)
  • May 18
    • Robert Morse, American actor
    • Don Martin, American artist (d. 2000)
  • May 19Éric Tappy, Swiss tenor
  • May 20Ken Boyer, American baseball player (d. 1982)
  • May 23
    • Barbara Barrie, American actress
    • Patience Cleveland, American actress and diarist (d. 2004)
  • May 25Georgy Grechko, Russian cosmonaut
  • May 27Faten Hamama, Egyptian actress (d. 2015)
  • May 28Carroll Baker, American actress
  • May 30 – Father John O'Brien, Irish priest and musician (d. 2008)
  • May 31
    • John Schrieffer, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • Shirley Verrett, American mezzo-soprano (d. 2010)

June[]

File:Raúl Castro, July 2012.jpeg

Raúl Castro

File:Fhc-color.jpg

Fernando Henrique Cardoso

File:OlympiaDukakisHWOFMay2013.jpg

Olympia Dukakis

  • June 2Larry Jackson, American baseball player (d. 1990)
  • June 3
    • Raúl Castro, President of Cuba
    • Lindy Remigino, American athlete
  • June 7Malcolm Morley, English-born painter
  • June 8Dana Wynter, German-born American actress (d. 2011)
  • June 9 - Joe Santos, American actor
  • June 10João Gilberto, Brazilian musician
  • June 13Moysés Baumstein, Brazilian holographer and artist (d. 1991)
  • June 14
    • Kenneth Cope, English actor
    • Ross Higgins, Australian actor
    • Marla Gibbs, American comedic actress and singer
    • Junior Walker, American saxophonist and singer (d. 1995)
  • June 18Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil
  • June 20
    • Olympia Dukakis, American actress
    • Arne Nordheim, Norwegian composer (d. 2010)
  • June 21Margaret Heckler, American Secretary of Health and Human Services
  • June 23Ola Ullsten, Swedish politician and diplomat
  • June 24
    • Emilio Fede, Italian anchorman, journalist and writer
    • Billy Casper, American golfer
    • Árpád Bárány, Hungarian fencer
  • June 25Vishwanath Pratap Singh, Prime Minister of India (d. 2008)
  • June 26Colin Wilson, British writer (d. 2013)
  • June 27
    • Graziella Galvani, Italian stage, television and film actress
    • Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics
  • June 29Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton, Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland and British Lord of Appeal in Ordinary

July[]

  • July 1
    • Leslie Caron, French actress
    • Seyni Kountché, former President of Niger (d. 1987)
    • Marilyn Hickey, American televangelist, speaker and author
  • July 2Robert Ito, Canadian actor
  • July 4Stephen Boyd, Irish actor (d. 1977)
  • July 5Ismail Mahomed, South African and Namibian Chief Justice (d. 2000)
  • July 6
    • Antonella Lualdi, Italian actress and singer
    • Jean Campeau, French Canadian businessman and politician
    • Della Reese, American actress, singer and evangelist
    • Robert Dunham, American actor and writer (d. 2001)
  • July 7David Eddings, American novelist (d. 2009)
  • July 10
    • Nick Adams, American actor (d. 1968)
    • Julian May, American science fiction, fantasy, horror, science
    • Alice Munro, Canadian writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature
  • July 11Tab Hunter, American actor and singer (Damn Yankees)
  • July 15
    • Joanna Merlin, American actress
    • Clive Cussler, American author
  • July 17Caroline Graham, English playwright, screenwriter and novelist
  • July 19Mary Lou Studnicka, American female professional baseball player
  • July 23Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu, Māori queen (d. 2006)
  • July 26Fred Foster, American songwriter and record producer
  • July 27Jerry Van Dyke, American comedian and actor

August[]

File:Barbara Eden photograph.jpg

Barbara Eden

File:Sri-Chinmoy-meditate-2.jpg

Sri Chinmoy

  • August 2Ruth Maria Kubitschek, German actress
  • August 7Charles E. "Charlie" Rice, American legal scholar and author
  • August 9Mário Zagallo, Brazilian football player and manager
  • August 10Tom Laughlin, American actor (Billy Jack) (d. 2013)
  • August 12William Goldman, American author
  • August 15
  • August 16Marion Patrick Jones, Trinidadian writer (d. 2016)
  • August 18
    • Hans van Mierlo, Dutch politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister (d. 2010)
    • Bramwell Tillsley, General of The Salvation Army
  • August 19Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (d. 2003)
  • August 20Don King, American boxing promoter
  • August 23
  • August 25
    • Hal Fishman, Los Angeles based local news anchor (d. 2007)
    • Regis Philbin, American television personality
  • August 27Sri Chinmoy, Bengali spiritual teacher, poet, artist and athlete who immigrated to the U.S. in 1964 (d. 2007)
  • August 28John Shirley-Quirk, English bass-baritone (d. 2014)
  • August 30
    • Jacques Braunstein, Romanian-born Venezuelan economist, publicist and disc jockey (d. 2009)
    • Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982)
  • August 31
    • Jean Béliveau, Canadian hockey player (d. 2014)
    • Kenny Burrell, American jazz musician
    • Noble Willingham, American actor (d. 2004)

September[]

File:Ian Holm.jpg

Ian Holm

File:Barbara Bain.jpg

Barbara Bain

File:Larry Hagman 2010.jpg

Larry Hagman

  • September 1
    • Cecil Parkinson, British politician (d. 2016)
    • Javier Solís, Mexican ranchera & bolero singer (d. 1966)
  • September 4Mitzi Gaynor, American actress, singer and dancer
  • September 8Jack Rosenthal, English playwright (d. 2004)
  • September 10Philip Baker Hall, American actor
  • September 12
    • Ian Holm, British actor
    • George Jones, American country music singer and songwriter (d. 2013)
  • September 13Barbara Bain, American actress
  • September 15Brian Henderson, Australian broadcaster
  • September 17Anne Bancroft, American actress (d. 2005)
  • September 21
    • Gertrude Alderfer, American female professional baseball player
    • Gloria Cordes, American female professional baseball player
    • Larry Hagman, American actor and director (d. 2012)
  • September 22
    • Fay Weldon, British author
    • George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, British politician (d. 2003)
  • September 23Gerald Merrithew, Canadian educator and statesman (d. 2004)
  • September 27Freddy Quinn, Austrian singer and actor
  • September 29
  • September 30
    • Angie Dickinson, American actress
    • Wesley L. Fox, U.S. Marine Corps officer

October[]

File:Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg

Desmond Tutu

File:Apj abdul kalam.JPG

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

  • October 1Alan Wagner, American opera critic (d. 2007)
  • October 2Morris Cerullo, American televangelist
  • October 3Denise Scott Brown, American architect
  • October 6Riccardo Giacconi, Italian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics
  • October 7
    • Cotton Fitzsimmons, American basketball coach (d. 2004)
    • Desmond Tutu, South African Anglican archbishop and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
  • October 13Eddie Mathews, baseball player (d. 2001)
  • October 15Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, President of India (d. 2015)
  • October 16
    • James Chace, American historian (d. 2004)
    • Rosa Rosal, Filipino actress and humanitarian
    • Charles Colson, American politician; Watergate conspirator (d. 2012)
  • October 17
    • José Alencar, Brazilian politician (d. 2011)
    • Ernst Hinterberger, Austrian writer (d. 2012)
  • October 19
    • John le Carré, English novelist
    • Manolo Escobar, Spanish singer and actor. (d. 2013)
  • October 20Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (d. 1995)
  • October 21Shammi Kapoor, Indian film actor and director (d. 2011)
  • October 22Ann Rule, American true-crime writer (d. 2015)
  • October 23
    • Jim Bunning, American baseball player and U.S. Senator
    • Diana Dors, English actress (d. 1984)
  • October 25Jimmy McIlroy, Irish footballer and football manager
  • October 26Hank Garrett, American actor and comedian
  • October 28Harold Battiste, American composer and arranger (d. 2015)
  • October 31Dan Rather, American television news reporter

November[]

File:Iketurner1997.jpg

Ike Turner

File:Mwai Kibaki (cropped).jpg

Mwai Kibaki

File:Adolfo-Pérez-Esquivel-wsf-2003.jpg

Adolfo Pérez Esquivel

  • November 2Phil Woods, American saxophonist (d. 2015)
  • November 3
    • Michael Fu Tieshan, Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association bishop (d. 2007)
    • Monica Vitti, Italian actress
  • November 4Marie Mansfield, American professional baseball player
  • November 5Ike Turner, African-American singer and songwriter (d. 2007)
  • November 6Mike Nichols, German-American television actor, writer and director (d. 2014)
  • November 8
    • Darla Hood, American actress, voice actress, and singer (d. 1979)
    • Morley Safer, Canadian journalist (d. 2016)
  • November 9Whitey Herzog, American baseball player
  • November 10Don Henderson, British actor (d. 1997)
  • November 12Mary Louise Wilson, American actress and singer
  • November 15Mwai Kibaki, third President of Kenya
  • November 16Hubert Sumlin, American blues musician (d. 2011)
  • November 21
    • Revaz Dogonadze, Georgian physicist (d. 1985)
    • Malcolm Williamson, Australian composer (d. 2003)
  • November 26Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentine activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
  • November 28
    • Dervla Murphy, Irish author
    • Tomi Ungerer, French book illustrator and writer
  • November 29Shintaro Katsu, Japanese actor (d. 1997)

December[]

File:Rita Moreno face.jpg

Rita Moreno

  • December 1
    • Jimmy Lyons, American musician (d. 1986)
    • Jim Nesbitt, American country music singer (d. 2007)
  • December 2
    • Nigel Calder, British science writer (d. 2014)
    • Edwin Meese, American attorney, law professor, and author; 75th Attorney General of the United States (1985–1988)
  • December 3Jaye P. Morgan, American singer, chanteuse
  • December 9Ladislav Smoljak, Czech film and theater director, actor and screenwriter (d. 2010)
  • December 11Rita Moreno, Puerto Rican-American actress
  • December 12Lionel Blair, British actor, choreographer, dancer, headmaster and TV presenter
  • December 15Klaus Rifbjerg, Danish writer (d. 2015)
  • December 17Dave Madden, Canadian American actor (d. 2014)
  • December 23Ronnie Schell, American actor
  • December 24Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (d. 2008)
  • December 27Edward E. Hammer, American electrical engineer and inventor (d. 2012)
  • December 28Martin Milner, American actor (d. 2015)
  • December 30Skeeter Davis, American singer (d. 2004)
  • December 31Bob Shaw, Irish writer (d. 1996)

Deaths[]

January[]

File:Anna Pavlova as the Dying Swan.jpg

Anna Pavlova

File:Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg.jpg

Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg

  • January 3Joseph Joffre, French World War I general (b. 1852)
  • January 4
    • Art Acord, American actor (b. 1890)
    • Roger Connor, American baseball player and MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1857)
    • Louise, Princess Royal, British royal, eldest daughter of Edward VII of the United Kingdom (b. 1867)
  • January 11James Milton Carroll, Baptist pastor, historian, and author (b. 1852)
  • January 14Hardy Richardson, American baseball player (b. 1855)
  • January 21Alma Rubens, American actress (b. 1897)
  • January 23
    • Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)
    • Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg, former Minister-President of Austria (b. 1862)

February[]

File:Otto Wallach 1880s.jpg

Otto Wallach

March[]

File:Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau.jpg

F. W. Murnau

  • March 5Arthur Tooth, Anglican clergyman (b. 1839)
  • March 7
    • Akseli Gallen-Kallela, Finnish painter (b. 1865)
    • Theo van Doesburg, Dutch painter (b. 1883)
  • March 11F. W. Murnau, German director (b. 1888)
  • March 20
    • Joseph B. Murdock, United States Navy admiral and New Hampshire politician (b. 1851)
  • March 21Bhagat Singh, Indian revolutionary (b. 1908)
  • March 24Robert Edeson, American actor (b. 1868)
  • March 25Ida Wells, African-American lynching crusader.
  • March 27Arnold Bennett, English novelist (b. 1867)
  • March 28Ban Johnson, American baseball executive (b. 1864)
  • March 31Knute Rockne, American football coach (b. 1888)

April[]

  • April 8Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)
  • April 9Nicholas Longworth, American politician, Speaker of the House (b. 1869)
  • April 10Khalil Gibran, Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883)
  • April 14Richard Armstedt, German historian (b. 1851)
  • April 15Joe Masseria, Italian-born American gangster (b. 1886)
  • April 20 – Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon, British baronet and Titanic survivor (b. 1862)
  • April 26George Herbert Mead, American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist (b. 1863)
  • April 30Sammy Woods, English cricketer (b. 1867)

May[]

  • May 2George Fisher Baker, American financier and philanthropist (b. 1840)
  • May 9Albert Abraham Michelson, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
  • May 14David Belasco, American Broadway impresario, theater owner and playwright (b. 1853)

June[]

  • June 2Joseph W. Farnham, American screenwriter (b. 1884)
  • June 4Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, Arab nationalist
  • June 8Virginia Frances Sterrett, American artist and illustrator (b. 1900)

July[]

  • July 4
    • Buddie Petit, American jazz musician
    • Prince Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta (b. 1869)
  • July 12Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1866)

August[]

File:Hamaguchi Osachi 1.jpg

Hamaguchi Osachi

  • August 6Bix Beiderbecke, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1903)
  • August 15Nigar Shikhlinskaya, Azerbaijani World War I nurse (b. ca. 1878)
  • August 26
    • Frank Harris, Irish author and editor (b. 1856)
    • Hamaguchi Osachi, 27th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1870)
  • August 27Francis Marion Smith, American businessman (b. 1846)

September[]

  • September 5John Thomson, Scottish footballer (b. 1909)
  • September 10Salvatore Maranzano, Italian-American mobster (b. 1886)
  • September 12
    • Francis J. Higginson, United States Navy admiral (b. 1843)
    • Joseph Le Brix, French aviator and naval officer (b. 1899)
  • September 16Omar Mukhtar, the leader of Libyan resistance (b. 1858)
  • September 17
    • Marcello Amero D'Aste, Italian admiral and politician (b. 1853)
    • Marvin Hart, American World Heavyweight Boxing Champion (b. 1876)
  • September 18Geli Raubal, Hitler's niece (b. 1908)
  • September 19David Starr Jordan, American ichthyologist, educator, eugenicist, and peace activist (b. 1851)

October[]

File:Thomas Edison.jpg

Thomas Edison

November[]

  • November 4Buddy Bolden, African-American musician (b. 1877)
  • November 6Jack Chesbro, American baseball player and MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1874)
  • November 11Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese industrialist (b. 1840)
  • November 13Ivan Fichev, Bulgarian general, minister of defense, military historian, and academician (b. 1860)
  • November 20Julius Drewe, English businessman, retailer and entrepreneur (b. 1856)
  • November 21Bruno von Mudra, German general (b. 1851)

December[]

File:Antonio Salandra.png

Antonio Salandra

  • December 2Vincent d'Indy, French composer (b. 1851)
  • December 5Vachel Lindsay, American poet (b. 1879)
  • December 9Antonio Salandra, Italian statesman, 21st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1853)
  • December 18Jack Diamond, American gangster (b. 1897)
  • December 23Tyrone Power, Sr., American actor (b. 1869)
  • December 26Melvil Dewey, American librarian, inventor of Dewey Decimal Classification (b. 1851)
  • December 27José Figueroa Alcorta, 16th President of Argentina (b. 1860)

Nobel Prizes[]

References[]

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  1. "New Delhi: The Inaugural Ceremony". The Times (45744). London. February 11, 1931. p. 12.
  2. "Wiley Post". centennialofflight.gov. Archived from the original on October 8, 2012.
  3. BBC History, July 2011, p12.
  4. "J&K observes Martyrs` day: CM Omar pays tributes". Zee News. July 13, 2011. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
  5. "Pangborn-Herndon Memorial Site". Aviation: From Sand Dunes To Sonic Booms. National Park Service. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
  6. "The Red and White Party". Cocktails With Elvira. October 26, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2014.

External links[]

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