BBC Scotland



BBC Scotland (BBC Alba) is the division of the BBC, and the publicly funded broadcaster for Scotland. Established in 1952, BBC Scotland is based in Glasgow and employs approximately 1,250 staff to produce 15,000 hours of television and radio programming per year.

BBC Scotland has three TV channels (BBC1, BBC2, BBC Alba) and two radio stations. Some £320 million of licence fee revenue is raised in Scotland, with expenditure on local content by BBC Scotland set to stand at £86 million by 2016-17. The remainder of licence fee revenue raised in the country is spent on networked programmes.

BBC Scotland's TV channels compete with the ITV networks STV (covering central and northern Scotland) and ITV Border (covering south Scotland) for regional programming and services.

History
The first radio service in Scotland was launched by the British Broadcasting Company on 6 March 1923. Named 5SC and located in Glasgow, the services gradually expanded to include the new stations 2BD, 2DE and 2EH, based at Aberdeen, Dundee and Edinburgh respectively. Around 1927, the new Corporation, as the BBC now was, decided to combine these local stations into regions under the generic banner of the BBC Regional Programme. When this was merged to form the BBC Home Service in 1939, national opt outs remained on the station and its successor BBC Radio 4 until the full separation of this opt out to become BBC Radio Scotland in November 1978.

Television in Scotland began on 14 March 1952 using the 405-line television system broadcast from the Kirk o'Shotts transmitter. Television upgraded to colour in 1967 with regular national colour broadcasts starting from 1971 when BBC Scotland's studios were upgraded.

BBC Scotland has increased the number of network programmes shown on the network services, timed in part with the move of BBC Scotland's headquarters to BBC Pacific Quay.

Television
BBC Scotland broadcasts three television services to Scottish audiences. BBC One Scotland and BBC Two Scotland are separate channels able to opt out of the network feed of BBC One and Two to broadcast their own schedule of regional programming in addition to networked productions. The latter of these services adheres to network scheduling more frequently than the former, as the majority of regional programming is broadcast on BBC One Scotland. The flagship news programme Reporting Scotland is presented by Jackie Bird and Sally Magnusson.

In addition to these two channels BBC Scotland also operates the digital channel BBC Alba, broadcasting programming in Gaelic for up to seven hours a day. The channel is a joint partnership between BBC Scotland and MG Alba and is available across the UK on satellite services. Prior to digital switchover, some Gaelic programming was carried on BBC Two Scotland, however this ceased following the switchover.

On 22 February 2017, director general Tony Hall announced plans to launch a dedicated television channel for Scotland in 2018 to replace the current BBC Two Scotland opt-out; it would broadcast from 7:00 p.m. to midnight nightly, and feature a lineup comprised entirely of Scottish programming, including a new hour-long 9:00 p.m. newscast that will be produced from Scotland (which has been considered a response to the perennial proposals for a local opt-out of the BBC News at Six). The channel will be allocated £30 million in annual funding. Hall also announced that the BBC would increase its spending on factual and drama productions in Scotland by £20 million annually.

Radio


BBC Scotland also operates two radio stations covering Scotland: BBC Radio Scotland and BBC Radio nan Gàidheal. The former broadcasts English programming 24 hours a day on the frequencies 92-95 FM and 810 MW. The station has specific programming opt outs for Orkney and Shetland in addition to regional news opt outs for four additional sub regions - North East, Highlands & Islands, South West and Borders. BBC Radio nan Gàidheal in contrast is a Gaelic-language station broadcasting for the majority of the day on 103.5-105 FM and simulcasting Radio Scotland's MW service at other times.

Online and Interactive
BBC Scotland operates a mini site on BBC Online consisting of a portal to Scottish news, sport, programmes and items of cultural interest through BBC Online. The department also provides content from Scotland on these subjects to the website and for the BBC Red Button interactive TV service.

BBC Scotland previously offered a podcast download of the top news items of the week and the online streaming of several key sections of output. However following the widespread introduction of the BBC iPlayer service, which allowed the streaming and download of nearly all BBC programmes including news, these services were discontinued as defunct.

Studios


BBC Scotland's headquarters are currently located at BBC Pacific Quay on the banks of the River Clyde in Glasgow. The studio centre was constructed between 2004 and 2006 and was opened in 2007. Designed by David Chipperfield and reportedly costing £188 million, the studio contains three television studios and five radio studios as well as the first HD newsroom used by the BBC.

Upon the launch of the BBC in Scotland in 1923, the service originally occupied Rex House at 202 Bath Street, Glasgow, before moving to properties in Blythswood Square and subsequently in West George Street. In 1929, the decision was made to move the headquarters operation to Queen Street, Edinburgh, where the Edinburgh station had been based since 1924 following a move from the original 79 George Street premises. However, in 1935 the headquarters operation moved back to Glasgow as it accompanied the Glasgow station at North Park House, Queen Margaret Drive, Glasgow, near to the Glasgow Botanic Gardens. BBC Scotland remained based at these premises until the move to Pacific Quay in 2007. The Edinburgh operation remained on Queen Street until the move to The Tun in April 2002. The Tun building is near to the Scottish Parliament building and contains television and radio studios in addition to a newsroom.

In addition to the Glasgow and Edinburgh bases of the broadcaster, BBC Scotland also has offices and studios located in Aberdeen, Dundee, Portree, Stornoway, Inverness, Selkirk, Dumfries, Kirkwall and Lerwick. Of these, the latter two locations operate radio opt-outs from BBC Radio Scotland while the Aberdeen, Inverness, Selkirk and Dumfries newsrooms produce local radio bulletins for the North East, Highlands & Islands, Borders and South West respectively.

In addition to these premises, BBC Scotland operates a drama productions studio at Dumbarton on the site of a disused whisky distillery. It is the main Scottish drama facilities where programmes such as Still Game and River City are recorded. Also, the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra is resident at Glasgow City Halls having been based at Queen Margaret Drive until 2006.

Programming
BBC Scotland continues to produce a high number of local programme for the Scottish audiences. Its flagship news & current affair programmes are Reporting Scotland and Scotland 2016 which provides over an hour of content each weekday. In Drama in the form of River City. With sport Radio Scotland along with Sportscene cover a large number of local sports including Football, Rugby and Bowls. BBC Scotland also produces over 20 hours of comedy programmers for Radio and Television. With Features and documentaries is BBC Scotland biggest input, with The Beechgrove Garden, Landward, Sport Monthly, The Adventure Show, The Mountain, BBC Scotland investigates and many other covering all aspect of Scottish life.

Output for the British network has included such recent high-profile dramas as Shetland, Hope Springs, Waterloo Road and Single Father. BBC Scotland also produces a high number of Gamesshows which feature the National lottery draws. BBC Scotland also produces the Scottish opt-out sections of British-wide programmes such as Sunday Politics and Children in Need.

Until 2010 a high number of Gaelic programme were broadcast on BBC1 and 2 Scotland before transferring over to BBC Alba. Its flagship programmes which both started in 1993 are Dè a-nis? and Eòrpa. Eòrpa hit the headlines in May 2008, specially mentioned in the Scottish Broadcasting Commission's report. 'It was intriguing to note that without fail at every one of our public events BBC2 Scotland's Eòrpa programme was raised, unsolicited, and by non-Gaelic speakers, as an example of a positive, well-respected programme' - Blair Jenkins, Chair - Scottish Broadcasting Commission. and continues to be given a broadcast on BBC2 Scotland as the only Gaelic programme to do.

Past programming
Over the years BBC Scotland made a number of well known and much loved radio and television programmes both for the BBC networks and for transmission in Scotland only. In television these were known within the BBC as "opt out" programmes.

At teatime in the beginning there was A Quick Look Round with Leonard Maguire. Then, as well as the flagship evening news programme Reporting Scotland presented by Mary Marquis and Douglas Kynoch with contributions from Renton Laidlaw in Edinburgh and Donny B MacLeod in Aberdeen, there were popular current affairs series like, Compass, Checkpoint with Esmond Wright and Magnus Magnusson, Person to Person with Mary Marquis, Current Account, Public Account and Agenda.

Many comedy series have been made including Scotch and Wry, Rab C. Nesbitt, Naked Video and Still Game, while with dramas included Hamish Macbeth, Monarch of the Glen, and Sutherland's Law. In recent years, BBC Scotland comedy shows such as Mrs. Brown's Boys, Two Doors Down  and Mountain Goats     have been lambasted by critics.

BBC Scotland as produced two highly controversial programmers Scotch on the Rocks and Secret Society, with the latter resulting in BBC Scotland being raided by the police.

Continuity announcers
BBC Scotland started using their own continuity announcers for all evening and weekend afternoon junctions around 1977; before this period, announcers only covered opt-outs, which resulted in the London announcer being heard most of the time. From 1979, their duties were expanded to cover the lunchtime news bulletin at 12:40, just before the network Midday News at 12:45. There was one announcer who was never seen: Robert Logan, who was also a Conservative councillor. Consequently, he never read the news summaries, nor did he ever give his name at closedown. From 1985, the announcing team started doing a news summary just before children's programmes at around 15:53, and within a few weeks, additional news summaries at 21:25 were introduced. From 31 October 1988, newsroom staff started to read the news summaries instead of the announcers.

Inevitably, though, viewers started to spot their little idiosyncrasies. Mark Stephen often came perilously close to sending up programmes with his good-natured humour; links of his included:

Peter Cushing stars in our late night horror film in 50 minutes. First on BBC One Scotland, Dougie Donnelly rises from the grave with today's football action in Sportscene.

Controllers and heads
Recent Controllers of BBC Scotland:
 * Alasdair Milne (1968–72) later BBC Director General
 * Robert Coulter (1972–75)
 * Hector Alastair Hetherington, (1975–78) former editor of The Guardian newspaper
 * Patrick Ramsey (1978–82)
 * Patrick Chalmers (1982 - December 1991)
 * John McCormick (January 1992 - April 2004)
 * Ken MacQuarrie (April 2004–2016 (Director from 2009))
 * Donalda MacKinnon (December 2016 - Present)