Tormato



Tormato is the ninth studio album by the English progressive rock band Yes, released on 22 September 1978 by Atlantic Records. It is their last album recorded with singer Jon Anderson and keyboardist Rick Wakeman prior to their departure in 1980. Production began in London in February 1978 following the Going for the One tour and was met with several difficulties regarding the band's direction, choice of producer, and its sound quality. The album features bassist Chris Squire using several bass pedal effects and Wakeman using a Birotron.

Tormato received a mixed critical reception upon release, but was a commercial success. It peaked at No. 8 in the UK and No. 10 in the US. "Don't Kill the Whale" was released as a single in the UK which reached No. 36. Tormato continued to sell in the US and is certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling over one million copies. Yes supported the album with the commercially successful 1978–79 tour with concerts performed in the round. Tormato was remastered for CD in 1994 and 2004; the latter contains several previously unreleased tracks from the album's recording sessions.

Background
By late 1976, Yes had returned to their 1972–74 line-up of Jon Anderson, Chris Squire, Steve Howe, Alan White, and Rick Wakeman. The five released Going for the One and completed a 1977 tour of North America and Europe supporting the album. The band took a short break prior to starting work on their next record.

Recording
Recording for Tormato began in February 1978 at Advision and RAK Studios in London. The band were initially split on where to record, with some members wishing to record outside of the UK. Initial sessions were engineered and produced by Eddy Offord, who had worked and toured with the band in the early 1970s, but he left soon after.

Songs
"Onward" has orchestral arrangements by Andrew Pryce Jackman, a former band member of the Syn with Squire.

"Release, Release" is a rock and roll track developed by Anderson and White. The song features automatic double tracking to achieve a bigger drum sound. The song features a drum solo with inserted crowd noise. Wakeman believed the crowd was taken from an English football match.

"Circus of Heaven" originated from an idea Anderson got from reading a book by Ray Bradbury ten years before recording the song. He told the story to his son Damion and he took an interest in it. Damion is heard at the end of the track.

Sleeve design
As with Going for the One, the album's cover was designed by Hipgnosis but retains the band's logo designed by Roger Dean. Howe pitched the album's original title of Yes Tor, referring to the second-highest point on Dartmoor, an area of moorland in Devon, England. Wakeman claimed to have thrown a tomato at the pictures taken for the album as he was disappointed with its design. The album's title and cover was changed accordingly. Howe said it was someone at Hipgnosis who threw the tomato on purpose, something that he felt insulted about. According to White, the band "couldn't decide on the cover. I think Po ... put a picture of a guy with divining sticks on the front. He took it home one night and decided it wasn't working. So he threw a tomato at it". The band were not photographed on Yes Tor; their picture was in fact taken in Regents Park, wearing bomber jackets and sunglasses with each member facing a different direction. Each jacket was labelled with the member's name on the front, but Squire had forgotten his and had to wear one labelled "Jim", belonging to tour manager Jim Halley. The word "Chris" was then drawn onto the final cover.

Release
Tormato was released on 22 September 1978, reaching number 8 on the UK Albums Chart and number 10 on the US Billboard 200. "Don't Kill the Whale" was released as a single in September 1978 and peaked at number 36 in the UK singles chart. It became the band's first album to be certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.

Critical reception
The album received a mixed response upon its release; the main subject of criticism for the album is the production quality, typified by a compressed and dull sound. Wakeman has said that Yes never got the best out of some of the material on Tormato, while Howe stated that Yes were unsure of themselves musically at the time. It would be the final studio album to feature Anderson until 1983's 90125 and Wakeman until 1991's Union.

Reissues

 * 1991 – Atlantic – CD
 * 1994 – Atlantic – CD (Remastered)
 * 2004 – Rhino – CD (Remastered with bonus tracks)

Personnel
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.


 * Yes
 * Jon Anderson – vocals, percussion, Alvarez 10 string Puerto Rican Cuatro
 * Steve Howe – Gibson Les Paul Custom guitar, Martin 000-45, Fender Broadcaster, Gibson ES-175, Gibson acoustic guitar, mandolin, Spanish guitar, vocals
 * Chris Squire – harmonised Rickenbacker bass guitar, bass pedals, Gibson Thunderbird bass guitar, piano, vocals
 * Rick Wakeman – Birotron, Hammond organ, Polymoog synthesizer, piano, harpsichord, RMI Electra Piano
 * Alan White – drums, military snare drum, glockenspiel, crotales, cymbals, bell tree, drum synthesizer, gongs, vibraphone, vocals


 * Production
 * Geoff Young – engineer
 * Nigel Luby – engineer
 * Peter Woolliscroft – additional engineering
 * Pete Schwier – additional engineering
 * Sean Davis – disk cutting at Strawberry Studios, London
 * Brian Lane – executive producer
 * Hipgnosis – sleeve design, photography
 * Brimson Graphics-Colin Elgie – photography
 * Roger Dean – Yes logo design
 * Mixing and additional recording at RAK Studios, London