January 10

January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 355 days remaining until the end of the year (356 in leap years). This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Friday or Saturday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Monday or Wednesday (56).

Contents 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Holidays and observances 5 External links

Events
49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the beginning of his own, the Xin dynasty. 69 – Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is appointed by Galba as deputy Roman Emperor. 236 – Pope Fabian succeeds Anterus to become the twentieth pope of Rome. 1072 – Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo. 1475 – Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui. 1645 – Archbishop William Laud is beheaded at the Tower of London. 1776 – Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet Common Sense. 1791 – The Siege of Dunlap's Station begins near Cincinnati during the Northwest Indian War. 1806 – Dutch settlers in Cape Town surrender to the British. 1810 – Napoleon Bonaparte divorces his first wife Joséphine. 1861 – American Civil War: Florida secedes from the Union. 1863 – The London Underground, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between London Paddington station and Farringdon station. 1870 – John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil. 1901 – The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas. 1916 – World War I: In the Erzurum Offensive, Russia defeats the Ottoman Empire. 1920 – The Treaty of Versailles takes effect, officially ending World War I. 1922 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Dáil Éireann. 1923 – Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel. 1927 – Fritz Lang's futuristic film Metropolis is released in Germany. 1929 – The Adventures of Tintin, one of the most popular European comic books, is first published in Belgium. 1941 – World War II: The Greek army captures Kleisoura. 1946 – The first General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. Fifty-one nations are represented. 1946 – The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the Moon and receiving the reflected signals. 1954 – BOAC Flight 781, a de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1, explodes and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea killing 35 people. 1962 – Apollo program: NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket launch vehicle. It became better known as the Saturn V Moon rocket, which launched every Apollo Moon mission. 1971 – A by-poll is held in the Lebanese Chouf District. 1972 – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to the newly independent Bangladesh as president after spending over nine months in prison in Pakistan. 1981 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensive, gaining control of most of Morazán and Chalatenango departments 1984 – Holy See–United States relations: The United States and Holy See (Vatican City) re-establish full diplomatic relations after almost 117 years, overturning the United States Congress's 1867 ban on public funding for such a diplomatic envoy. 1985 – Sir Clive Sinclair launches the Sinclair C5 personal electric vehicle, which became a notorious commercial failure and later a cult collector's item. 1985 – Sandinista Daniel Ortega becomes president of Nicaragua and vows to continue the transformation to socialism and alliance with the Soviet Union and Cuba; American policy continues to support the Contras in their revolt against the Nicaraguan government. 1990 – Time Warner is formed by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications. 1999 – Sanjeev Nanda kills three policemen in New Delhi, India with his car, an act for which he was later acquitted, resulting in a sharp drop in public confidence in the Indian legal system. 2005 – In California, the 2005 La Conchita landslide killed 10 people, injured many more, and closed U.S. Route 101, the main coastal corridor between Los Angeles and San Francisco for 10 days. 2007 – A general strike begins in Guinea in an eventually successful attempt to get President Lansana Conté to resign. 2011 – Queensland floods: Torrential rain in the Lockyer Valley region of South East Queensland, Australia, causes severe flash flooding, killing nine people. 2012 – A bombing in Khyber Agency, Pakistan, kills at least 30 people and 78 others injured. 2013 – More than 100 people are killed and 270 injured in several bomb blasts in Pakistan. 2015 – A mass poisoning at a funeral in Mozambique involves beer that was deliberately contaminated with crocodile bile leaving at least 56 dead and nearly 200 hospitalized. 2015 – A traffic accident between an oil tanker truck and passenger coach en route to Shikarpur from Karachi on the Pakistan National Highway Link Road near Gulshan-e-Hadeed, Karachi, kills at least 62 people.

Births
1480 – Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy (d. 1530) 1538 – Louis of Nassau (d. 1574) 1607 – Isaac Jogues, French priest and missionary (d. 1646) 1628 – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire (d. 1687) 1644 – Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French general (d. 1711) 1654 – Joshua Barnes, English historian and scholar (d. 1712) 1702 – Johannes Zick, German painter (d. 1762) 1715 – Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1775) 1729 – Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian priest, biologist, and physiologist (d. 1799) 1741 – Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain (d. 1759) 1745 – Isaac Titsingh, Dutch surgeon, scholar, and diplomat (d. 1812) 1750 – Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Erskine, Scottish-English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1823) 1760 – Johann Rudolf Zumsteeg, German composer and conductor (d. 1802) 1769 – Michel Ney, French general (d. 1815) 1776 – George Birkbeck, English physician and academic, founded Birkbeck, University of London (d. 1841) 1780 – Martin Lichtenstein, German physician and explorer (d. 1857) 1797 – Eugenio Kincaid, American missionary (d. 1883) 1802 – Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian-Austrian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (d. 1860) 1810 – Ferdinand Barbedienne, French engineer (d. 1892) 1810 – Jeremiah S. Black, American jurist and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of State (d. 1883) 1812 – Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect and academic (d. 1881) 1828 – Herman Koeckemann, German bishop and missionary (d. 1892) 1834 – John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, Italian-English historian and politician (d. 1902) 1836 – Charles Ingalls, American farmer and carpenter (d. 1902) 1840 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (d. 1925) 1842 – Luigi Pigorini, Italian palaeontologist, archaeologist, and ethnographer (d. 1925) 1843 – Frank James, American soldier and criminal (d. 1915) 1848 – Reinhold Sadler, American merchant and politician, 9th Governor of Nevada (d. 1906) 1849 – Robert Crosbie, Canadian theosophist, founded the United Lodge of Theosophists (d. 1919) 1850 – John Wellborn Root, American architect, designed the Rookery Building and Monadnock Building (d. 1891) 1853 – Jessie Bond, English singer and actress (d. 1942) 1854 – Ramón Corral, Mexican general and politician, 6th Vice President of Mexico (d. 1912) 1858 – Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929) 1859 – Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia, Spanish philosopher and academic (d. 1909) 1860 – Charles G. D. Roberts, Canadian poet and author (d. 1943) 1864 – Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia (d. 1931) 1865 – Mary Ingalls, American sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928) 1873 – Algernon Maudslay, English sailor (d. 1948) 1873 – Jack O'Neill, Irish-American baseball player (d. 1935) 1873 – George Orton, Canadian runner and hurdler (d. 1958) 1875 – Issai Schur, German mathematician and academic (d. 1941) 1878 – John McLean, American hurdler, football player, and coach (d. 1955) 1880 – Manuel Azaña, Spanish jurist and politician, 7th President of Spain (d. 1940) 1881 – Leslie Rainey, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 1962) 1883 – Francis X. Bushman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1966) 1883 – Alfred Saalwächter, German admiral (d. 1945) 1883 – Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy, Russian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1945) 1887 – Robinson Jeffers, American poet and philosopher (d. 1962) 1890 – Pina Menichelli, Italian actress (d. 1984) 1891 – Heinrich Behmann, German mathematician and academic (d. 1970) 1891 – Ann Shoemaker, American actress (d. 1978) 1892 – Dumas Malone, American historian and author (d. 1986) 1892 – Melchior Wańkowicz, Polish soldier, journalist, and author (d. 1974) 1893 – Albert Jacka, Australian captain, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1932) 1894 – Pingali Lakshmikantam, Indian poet and author (d. 1972) 1898 – Katharine Burr Blodgett, American physicist and engineer (d. 1979) 1900 – Violette Cordery, English race car driver (d. 1983) 1902 – Dobriša Cesarić, Croatian poet and translator (d. 1980) 1903 – Barbara Hepworth, English sculptor (d. 1975) 1903 – Pud Thurlow, Australian cricketer (d. 1975) 1903 – Voldemar Väli, Estonian-Swedish wrestler and businessman (d. 1997) 1904 – Ray Bolger, American actor and dancer (d. 1987) 1905 – Albert Arlen, Australian pianist, composer, actor, and playwright (d. 1993) 1908 – Paul Henreid, Italian-American actor and director (d. 1992) 1908 – Bernard Lee, English actor (d. 1981) 1910 – Jean Martinon, French conductor and composer (d. 1976) 1911 – Binod Bihari Chowdhury, Bangladeshi activist (d. 2013) 1911 – Norman Heatley, English biologist and chemist (d. 2004) 1912 – Maria Mandl, Austrian SS guard (d. 1948) 1913 – Franco Bordoni, Italian race car driver and pilot (d. 1975) 1913 – Gustáv Husák, Slovak politician, 9th President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991) 1913 – Mehmet Shehu, Albanian soldier and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Albania (d. 1981) 1914 – Pierre Cogan, French cyclist (d. 2013) 1914 – Yu Kuo-hwa, Chinese politician, 23rd Premier of the Republic of China (d. 2000) 1915 – Dean Dixon, American-Swiss conductor (d. 1976) 1915 – Cynthia Freeman, American author (d. 1988) 1916 – Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004) 1916 – Eldzier Cortor, American painter (d. 2015) 1916 – Don Metz, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007) 1917 – Hilde Krahl, Croatian-Austrian actress (d. 1999) 1917 – Jerry Wexler, American journalist and producer (d. 2008) 1918 – Les Bennett, English footballer and manager (d. 1999) 1918 – Arthur Chung, Guyanese lawyer and politician, 1st President of Guyana (d. 2008) 1918 – Harry Merkel, German race car driver (d. 1995) 1919 – Terukuni Manzō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 38th Yokozuna (d. 1977) 1919 – Milton Parker, American businessman, co-founded the Carnegie Deli (d. 2009) 1919 – Billy Varga, American wrestler and actor (d. 2013) 1920 – Rosella Hightower, American ballerina (d. 2008) 1920 – Max Patkin, American baseball player and clown (d. 1999) 1921 – Rodger Ward, American race car driver and sportscaster (d. 2004) 1922 – Billy Liddell, Scottish-English footballer (d. 2001) 1922 – Ester Mägi, Estonian composer 1924 – Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Canadian ballerina, choreographer, and director (d. 1996) 1924 – Max Roach, American drummer and composer (M'Boom) (d. 2007) 1925 – Billie Sol Estes, American financier and businessman (d. 2013) 1926 – Musallam Bseiso, Palestinian journalist and politician 1927 – Gisele MacKenzie, Canadian-American singer and actress (d. 2003) 1927 – Johnnie Ray, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1990) 1927 – Otto Stich, Swiss lawyer and politician, 140th President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 2012) 1928 – Philip Levine, American poet and academic (d. 2015) 1928 – Peter Mathias, English historian and academic 1929 – Derek Hammond-Stroud, English actor and singer (d. 2012) 1929 – Tony Soper, English ornithologist and author 1930 – Elaine Devry, American actress 1930 – Roy E. Disney, American businessman (d. 2009) 1931 – Peter Barnes, English playwright and screenwriter (d. 2004) 1931 – Rosalind Howells, Baroness Howells of St Davids, Grenadian-English academic and politician 1931 – Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat, Malaysian cleric and politician, 12th Menteri Besar of Kelantan (d. 2015) 1931 – John Zizioulas, Greek metropolitan 1933 – Leonid Kravchuk, Ukrainian politician, 1st President of Ukraine 1935 – Sherrill Milnes, American opera singer and educator 1936 – Stephen E. Ambrose, American historian and author (d. 2002) 1936 – Walter Bodmer, German-English geneticist and academic 1936 – Al Goldstein, American publisher and pornographer (d. 2013) 1936 – Robert Woodrow Wilson, American physicist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate 1937 – Daniel Walker Howe, American historian and academic 1937 – Thomas Penfield Jackson, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 2013) 1938 – Jim Bailey, American actor and singer (d. 2015) 1938 – Donald Knuth, American computer scientist and author 1938 – Frank Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and politician 1938 – Willie McCovey, American baseball player 1939 – Jared Carter, American poet and author 1939 – David Horowitz, American activist and author, founded the David Horowitz Freedom Center 1939 – William Levy, American-Dutch journalist, author, and poet 1939 – Scott McKenzie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Mamas & the Papas) (d. 2012) 1939 – Sal Mineo, American actor (d. 1976) 1940 – Godfrey Hewitt, English geneticist and academic (d. 2013) 1940 – Walter Hill, American director, producer, and screenwriter 1941 – Tom Clarke, Scottish politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland 1942 – Graeme Gahan, Australian footballer and coach 1943 – Jim Croce, American singer-songwriter (d. 1973) 1943 – Jantzen Derrick, English footballer 1944 – Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer and actor (d. 2016) 1945 – John Fahey, New Zealand-Australian lawyer and politician, 38th Premier of New South Wales 1945 – Steven P. Perskie, American politician and judge 1945 – Rod Stewart, English singer-songwriter 1945 – Gunther von Hagens, German anatomist, invented plastination 1946 – Aynsley Dunbar, English drummer and songwriter (The Jeff Beck Group, Journey, Jefferson Starship, UFO, The Mojos, and John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers) 1947 – George Alec Effinger, American author (d. 2002) 1947 – James Morris, American opera singer 1947 – Matthew Oakeshott, Baron Oakeshott of Seagrove Bay, English banker and politician 1947 – Peer Steinbrück, German politician, German Minister of Finance 1947 – Tiit Vähi, Estonian engineer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Estonia 1948 – Donald Fagen, American singer-songwriter and pianist (Steely Dan) 1948 – David Neuberger, Baron Neuberger of Abbotsbury, English lawyer and judge 1948 – Bernard Thévenet, French cyclist and sportscaster 1949 – Allu Aravind, Indian actor and producer 1949 – Fred Bronson, American journalist and author 1949 – Kemal Derviş, Turkish economist and politician, Turkish Minister of Economy 1949 – George Foreman, American boxer, actor, and businessman 1949 – James Lapine, American director and playwright 1949 – Linda Lovelace, American porn actress and activist (d. 2002) 1950 – Roy Blunt, American academic and politician 1951 – Alejandro Escovedo, American singer-songwriter 1951 – Nicolas Philibert, French actor and director 1952 – Scott Thurston, American guitarist and songwriter (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and The Stooges) 1953 – Pat Benatar, American singer-songwriter and actress 1953 – Bobby Rahal, American race car driver and businessman 1954 – John Gidman, English footballer and manager 1954 – Greg Towns, Australian footballer 1955 – Michael Schenker, German guitarist, songwriter, and producer (UFO, Scorpions, Contraband, and McAuley Schenker Group) 1955 – Franco Tancredi, Italian footballer and manager 1956 – Shawn Colvin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1956 – Antonio Muñoz Molina, Spanish author 1957 – Paula Smith, American tennis player 1957 – Greg Walden, American broadcaster and politician 1958 – Eddie Cheever, American race car driver 1958 – Anatoly Pisarenko, Ukrainian weightlifter and trainer 1959 – Chandra Cheeseborough, American sprinter and coach 1959 – Bernhard Hoff, German sprinter 1959 – Chris Van Hollen, American lawyer and politician 1959 – Fran Walsh, New Zealand screenwriter and producer 1960 – Gurinder Chadha, Kenyan-English director, producer, and screenwriter 1960 – Brian Cowen, Irish lawyer and politician, 12th Taoiseach of Ireland 1960 – John Mann, English lawyer and politician 1960 – Benoît Pelletier, Canadian lawyer and politician 1961 – Janet Jones, American actress 1961 – Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, Italian-American violinist, author, and educator 1962 – Michael Fortier, Canadian lawyer and politician 1962 – Kathryn S. McKinley, American computer scientist and academic 1963 – Malcolm Dunford, New Zealand-Australian footballer 1963 – Kira Ivanova, Russian figure skater (d. 2001) 1963 – David Dewayne Johnson, American murderer (d. 2000) 1963 – Scott Perry, American director, producer, and engineer 1963 – Mark Pryor, American lawyer and politician, 53rd Arkansas Attorney General 1964 – Brad Roberts, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Crash Test Dummies) 1966 – Steve Kramer, American engineer and politician 1967 – Jeremy Cumpston, Australian actor and physician 1967 – Maciej Śliwowski, Polish footballer 1969 – Janko Kastelic, Slovene-Canadian conductor 1969 – Andreas Reinke, German footballer and manager 1970 – Scott Ludlam, New Zealand-Australian graphic designer and politician 1970 – Alisa Marić, Serbian chess player and politician, Serbian Minister of Youth and Sports 1972 – Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian skier and sportscaster 1972 – Mohammed Benzakour, Moroccan-Dutch journalist, poet, and author 1973 – Glenn Robinson, American basketball player 1973 – Félix Trinidad, Puerto Rican boxer 1974 – Jemaine Clement, New Zealand actor, singer, and guitarist (Flight of the Conchords) 1974 – Davide Dionigi, Italian footballer and manager 1974 – Akari Kaida, Japanese pianist and composer 1974 – Andrey Korneyev, Russian swimmer (d. 2014) 1974 – Bob Peeters, Belgian footballer and manager 1975 – Jake Delhomme, American football player 1976 – Adam Kennedy, American baseball player 1976 – Ian Poulter, English golfer 1976 – Alec Shelbrooke, English engineer and politician 1978 – Johan van der Wath, South African cricketer 1979 – Simone Cavalli, Italian footballer 1979 – Obea Moore, American sprinter 1979 – Bodo Sieber, German rugby player and coach 1980 – Nelson Cuevas, Paraguayan footballer 1980 – Tatjana Mannima, Estonian skier 1980 – Bernat Martínez, Spanish motorcycle racer (d. 2015) 1980 – Aleksandr Pogorelov, Russian decathlete 1980 – Sarah Shahi, American actress 1981 – Nasri, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer (Magic!) 1981 – James Coppinger, English footballer 1981 – Inga Jankauskaitė, Lithuanian actress, singer, and pianist 1982 – Julien Brellier, French footballer 1982 – Tomasz Brzyski, Polish footballer 1984 – Marouane Chamakh, Moroccan footballer 1984 – Trent Cutler, Australian rugby league player 1984 – Ariane Friedrich, German high jumper 1984 – Nando Rafael, Angolan-German footballer 1986 – Kirsten Flipkens, Belgian tennis player 1986 – Hideaki Ikematsu, Japanese footballer 1986 – Kenneth Vermeer, Dutch footballer 1987 – César Cielo, Brazilian swimmer 1988 – Leonard Patrick Komon, Kenyan runner 1988 – Marvin Martin, French footballer 1988 – Vladimir Zharkov, Russian ice hockey player 1989 – Emily Meade, American actress 1989 – Kyle Reimers, Australian footballer 1989 – Heo Solji, South Korean singer (EXID) 1990 – Mirko Bortolotti, Italian race car driver 1990 – Wilhelm Ingves, Finnish footballer 1990 – Stefano Lilipaly, Dutch-Indonesian footballer 1991 – Chad Townsend, Australian rugby league player 1991 – Romain Wattel, French golfer 1992 – Emmanuel Frimpong, Ghanaian footballer 1994 – Mohammed Aman, Ethiopian runner 1996 – Sakurako Ohara, Japanese actress and singer 1996 – María Paulina Pérez, Colombian tennis player 1996 – Paula Andrea Pérez, Colombian tennis player 1998 – Xu Shilin, Chinese tennis player

Deaths
314 – Pope Miltiades 681 – Pope Agatho 976 – John I Tzimiskes, Byzantine emperor (b. 925) 1094 – Al-Mustansir Billah, Egyptian caliph (b. 1029) 1276 – Pope Gregory X (b. 1210) 1645 – William Laud, English archbishop and academic (b. 1573) 1654 – Nicholas Culpeper, English botanist, physician, and astrologer (b. 1616) 1662 – Honoré II, Prince of Monaco (b. 1597) 1698 – Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French priest and historian (b. 1637) 1754 – Edward Cave, English publisher, founded The Gentleman's Magazine (b. 1691) 1761 – Edward Boscawen, English admiral and politician (b. 1711) 1777 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (b. 1719) 1778 – Carl Linnaeus, Swedish botanist and physician (b. 1707) 1794 – Georg Forster, German-Polish ethnologist and journalist (b. 1754) 1811 – Joseph Chénier, French poet, playwright, and politician (b. 1764) 1824 – Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (b. 1759) 1828 – François de Neufchâteau, French poet, academic, and politician, French Minister of the Interior (b. 1750) 1829 – Gregorio Funes, Argentinian clergyman, historian, and educator (b. 1749) 1833 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician and theorist (b. 1752) 1837 – Bertie Crewe, British architect (b. 1860) 1851 – Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (b. 1775) 1855 – Mary Russell Mitford, English author and playwright (b. 1787) 1862 – Samuel Colt, American engineer and businessman, founded Colt's Manufacturing Company (b. 1814) 1863 – Lyman Beecher, American minister and activist, co-founded the American Temperance Society (b. 1775) 1866 – Pyotr Pletnyov, Russian poet and critic (b. 1792) 1883 – Samuel Mudd, American physician (b. 1833) 1895 – Eli Whitney Blake, Jr., American chemist, physicist, and academic (b. 1836) 1895 – Benjamin Godard, French violinist and composer (b. 1849) 1901 – James Robert Dickson, Australian businessman and politician, 1st Australian Minister for Defence (b. 1832) 1904 – Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter and sculptor (b. 1824) 1905 – Kārlis Baumanis, Latvian composer (b. 1835) 1917 – Buffalo Bill, American soldier and hunter (b. 1846) 1917 – Feliks Leparsky, Russian fencer and captain (b. 1875) 1920 – Sali Nivica, Albanian journalist and politician (b. 1890) 1922 – Frank Tudor, Australian politician, 6th Australian Minister for Trade and Investment (b. 1866) 1926 – Eino Leino, Finnish poet and journalist (b. 1878) 1934 – Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch anarchist (b. 1909) 1935 – Edwin Flack, Australian tennis player and runner (b. 1873) 1935 – Charlie McGahey, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1871) 1941 – Frank Bridge, English viola player and composer (b. 1879) 1941 – John Lavery, Irish painter and academic (b. 1856) 1941 – Joe Penner, Hungarian-American actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1904) 1941 – Issai Schur, Belarusian-German mathematician and academic (b. 1875) 1949 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer and geophysicist (b. 1865) 1951 – Sinclair Lewis, American author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885) 1951 – Yoshio Nishina, Japanese physicist and academic (b. 1890) 1954 – Oscar Brockmeyer, American soccer player (b. 1883) 1954 – Chester Wilmot, American journalist and historian (b. 1911) 1957 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean poet and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889) 1959 – Şükrü Kaya, Turkish jurist and politician, Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883) 1960 – Jack Laviolette, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1879) 1961 – Dashiell Hammett, American detective novelist and screenwriter (b. 1894) 1965 – Frederick Fleet, English sailor (b. 1887) 1967 – Charles E. Burchfield, American painter (b. 1893) 1968 – Basil Sydney, English actor (b. 1894) 1968 – Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Turkish general and politician, 6th Speaker of the Parliament of Turkey (b. 1882) 1969 – Sampurnanand, Indian educator and politician, 2nd Governor of Rajasthan (b. 1891) 1969 – John Brownlee, Australian actor and singer (b. 1900) 1970 – Pavel Belyayev, Russian pilot and astronaut (b. 1925) 1971 – Coco Chanel, French fashion designer, founded Chanel (b. 1883) 1971 – Ignazio Giunti, Italian race car driver (b. 1941) 1972 – Aksel Larsen, Danish lawyer and politician (b. 1897) 1976 – Howlin' Wolf, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1910) 1978 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist and author (b. 1924) 1978 – Don Gillis, American composer and conductor (b. 1912) 1978 – Hannah Gluckstein, British painter (b. 1895) 1980 – Hughie Critz, American baseball player and scout (b. 1900) 1980 – George Meany, American plumber and union leader (b. 1894) 1980 – Bo Rein, American football player and coach (b. 1945) 1981 – Richard Boone, American actor, singer, and director (b. 1917) 1981 – Fawn M. Brodie, American historian and author (b. 1915) 1982 – Paul Lynde, American actor and comedian (b. 1926) 1984 – Souvanna Phouma, Laotian politician, 8th Prime Minister of Laos (b. 1901) 1985 – Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (b. 1906) 1986 – Jaroslav Seifert, Czech journalist and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901) 1987 – Marion Hutton, American singer and actress (b. 1919) 1987 – David Robinson, English businessman and philanthropist (b. 1904) 1989 – Herbert Morrison, American journalist and producer (b. 1905) 1989 – Colin Winchester, Australian police officer (b. 1933) 1990 – Tochinishiki Kiyotaka, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 44th Yokozuna (b. 1925) 1992 – Roberto Bonomi, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1919) 1994 – Michael Aldridge, English actor (b. 1920) 1995 – Kathleen Tynan, Canadian-English journalist, author, and screenwriter (b. 1937) 1997 – Elspeth Huxley, Kenyan-English journalist and author (b. 1907) 1997 – Sheldon Leonard, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1907) 1997 – Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish-English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907) 1999 – Edward Williams, Australian lieutenant, pilot, and judge (b. 1921) 2000 – Sam Jaffe, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1901) 2001 – Necati Cumalı, Turkish author and poet (b. 1921) 2002 – W. A. Criswell, American pastor and author (b. 1909) 2004 – Spalding Gray, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1941) 2004 – Alexandra Ripley, American author (b. 1934) 2005 – Wasyly, Ukrainian-Canadian bishop (b. 1909) 2005 – Margherita Carosio, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1908) 2005 – James Forman, American academic and activist (b. 1928) 2005 – Kalevi Hämäläinen, Finnish skier (b. 1932) 2005 – Erwin Hillier, German-English cinematographer (b. 1911) 2005 – Jack Horner, American journalist (b. 1912) 2005 – Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium (b. 1927) 2007 – Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer (b. 1912) 2007 – Bradford Washburn, American explorer, photographer, and cartographer (b. 1910) 2008 – Christopher Bowman, American figure skater and actor (b. 1967) 2008 – Mikhail Minin, Russian soldier (b. 1922) 2008 – Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921) 2009 – Bill Stone, English sailor (b. 1900) 2010 – Patcha Ramachandra Rao, India metallurgist, educator and administrator (b. 1942) 2011 – John Dye, American actor (b. 1963) 2011 – Margaret Whiting, American singer (b. 1924) 2012 – Vince Gibson, American football player and coach (b. 1933) 2012 – Lila Kaye, English actress (b. 1929) 2012 – Jean Pigott, Canadian businesswoman and politician (b. 1924) 2012 – Cliff Portwood, English footballer and singer (b. 1937) 2012 – Mary Raftery, Irish journalist (b. 1957) 2012 – Gevork Vartanian, Russian intelligence agent (b. 1924) 2013 – Antonino Calderone, Italian mobster (b. 1935) 2013 – Evan S. Connell, American author and poet (b. 1924) 2013 – George Gruntz, Swiss pianist and composer (b. 1932) 2013 – Franz Lehrndorfer, German organist and composer (b. 1928) 2013 – Claude Nobs, Swiss businessman, founded the Montreux Jazz Festival (b. 1936) 2013 – Lucien Poirier, French general (b. 1918) 2014 – Sam Berns, American progeria victim (b. 1996) 2014 – Petr Hlaváček, Czech shoemaker and academic (b. 1950) 2014 – Zbigniew Messner, Polish economist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland (b. 1929) 2014 – Ian Redford, Scottish footballer and manager (b. 1960) 2014 – Larry Speakes, American journalist, 16th White House Press Secretary (b. 1939) 2015 – Robert Berner, American geologist and academic (b. 1935) 2015 – Harry V. Jaffa, American historian, philosopher, and academic (b. 1918) 2015 – Junior Malanda, Belgian footballer (b. 1994) 2015 – Taylor Negron, American actor, playwright, and painter (b. 1957) 2015 – Francesco Rosi, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1922) 2015 – Robert Stone, American journalist and author (b. 1937) 2016 – Wim Bleijenberg, Dutch footballer and manager (b. 1930) 2016 – David Bowie, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (b. 1947) 2016 – Jeanne Córdova, American journalist and activist (b. 1948) 2016 – Ralph Hauenstein, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1912) 2016 – George Jonas, Hungarian-Canadian journalist, author, and poet (b. 1935)

Holidays and observances
Christian feast day: Leonie Aviat Obadiah (Coptic Church) Peter Orseolo Pope Agatho (Roman Catholic) William Laud (Anglican Communion) William of Donjeon January 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Fête du Vodoun (Benin) Majority Rule Day (Bahamas)