1956 in music

This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1956.

Events
January 3 – Bach: The Goldberg Variations, Glen Gould's debut solo piano recording, is released by Columbia Records in the United States; it sells 40,000 copies by 1960. January 26 The North American premiere of Carlos Chávez's Third Symphony is given by the New York Philharmonic conducted by the composer. Buddy Holly's first recording sessions for Decca Records take place in Nashville, Tennessee. Roy Orbison signs with Sun Records. January 27 – Elvis Presley's single "Heartbreak Hotel" / "I Was the One" is released. It goes on to be Elvis's first #1 hit. January 28 – Elvis Presley makes his national television debut on The Dorsey Brothers Stage Show. February 3 – The Symphony of the Air, conducted by Leonard Bernstein, gives the world première of Robert Moevs's Fourteen Variations for Orchestra (composed in 1952) in New York. February 11 – Henry Barraud's Concertino for Piano and Winds receives its world-première performance by Eugene List and members of the New York Chamber Ensemble in New York City. March – The Coasters' recording career begins, with "Turtle Dovin'". March 10 – Carl Perkins' single "Blue Suede Shoes" enters the R&B charts, the first time a country music artist has made it on the R&B charts. March 21 – World première of Heitor Villa-Lobos's Eleventh Symphony, by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Charles Münch, at Carnegie Hall in New York City. March 22 – Carl Perkins is injured in a car accident near Wilmington, Delaware, on his way to New York City to make an appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. He spends several months in hospital. March 24 – The first regularly scheduled nationally broadcast rock & roll show, Rock 'n Roll Dance Party, with Alan Freed as host, premières on the CBS Radio Network. March 26 – Colonel Tom Parker formally becomes Elvis Presley's manager.[1] March 31 – Elvis Presley films a screen test for Paramount Pictures. April 3 – Elvis Presley makes his first appearance on The Milton Berle Show. April 6 – Paramount Pictures signs Elvis Presley to a three-picture deal. April 10 – A group of racial segregationists (followers of Asa Earl Carter) rush the stage at a Nat King Cole concert in Birmingham, Alabama, but are quickly captured. May – Gene Autry's Melody Ranch, a CBS Radio Sunday evening program on the air since 1940 (except for a hiatus from 1942–45), ends its run. May 2 – For the first time in Billboard magazine history, five singles appear in both the pop and R&B Top Ten charts. They are Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" (#1 pop, #6 R&B), Carl Perkins' "Blue Suede Shoes" (#4 pop, #3 R&B), Little Richard's "Long Tall Sally" (#9 pop, #1 R&B), the Platters' "Magic Touch" (#10 pop, #7 R&B) and Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers' "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" (#7 pop, #4 R&B). Presley's and Perkins' singles also appeared on the country and western Top Ten chart at #1 and #2 respectively. May 6 Elvis Presley appears on the Milton Berle show. In Paris, Heitor Villa-Lobos records his Bachiana Brasileira No. 9 with the strings of the Orchestre National de la Radiodiffusion Française, for EMI. May 6–28 – In Paris, Heitor Villa-Lobos supervises the recording of his Bachiana Brasileira No. 6 by Fernand Dufrene (flute) and René Plessier (bassoon) and his Bachiana Brasileira No. 2 with the Orchestre National de la Radiodiffusion Française, the four suites of his Descobrimento do Brasil, his Chôros No. 10 and his Invocação em defesa da patria, with Maria Kareska (soprano), the Chorale des Jeunesses Musicales de France, and the Orchestre National de la Radiodiffusion Française for EMI. May 8 Ernst Toch's Third Symphony is awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music. Benjamin Britten's opera Gloriana is given its US premiere in Cincinnati, in concert form conducted by Josef Krips. May 24 – First-ever Eurovision Song Contest from the Kursaal Theatre, Lugano, Switzerland. Seven countries participate, each with two songs. Switzerland is declared the winner, with Lys Assia singing "Refrain". June – The winners of the Queen Elisabeth International Music Competition, held in Brussels and devoted this year to the piano, are: First Prize: Vladimir Ashkenazy Second Prize: John Browning Third Prize: Andrzej Czajkowski Fourth Prize: Cécile Ousset Fifth Prize: Lazar Berman June 3 – Fred Diodati replaces Al Alberts as lead singer of The Four Aces. June 5 – Elvis Presley introduces his new single, "Hound Dog", on The Milton Berle Show, scandalizing the audience with his suggestive hip movements. June 7–13 – In Paris, Heitor Villa-Lobos records his Bachiana Brasileira No. 5 with Victoria de los Ángeles (soprano) and a cello ensemble from the Orchestre National de la Radiodiffusion Française, for EMI. June 13 – Herbert von Karajan is announced as the new artistic director of the Vienna State Opera, to succeed Karl Böhm starting in September. July – At the Berkshire Festival, Benny Goodman records both the Clarinet Concerto (with the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Charles Münch) and the Quintet for Clarinet and Strings (with the Boston Symphony String Quartet) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, for RCA Victor. The recordings are made in stereo, though first released in 1957 only in a monaural mixdown (the first stereo issue is in 1968). July 9 – Dick Clark hosts American Bandstand for the first time July 11–22 – The Darmstädter Ferienkurse are held in Darmstadt with a series of lectures by Theodor W. Adorno, two public discussions of the new medium of electronic music, and world premieres of works by (amongst others) Richard Rodney Bennett, Pierre Boulez, Jacques Calonne, Aldo Clementi, Luc Ferrari, Alexander Goehr, Bengt Hambraeus, Hans Werner Henze, Bruno Maderna, Henri Pousseur, and Karlheinz Stockhausen. July 17 – The Metropolitan Opera Association announces the cancellation of its 1956–57 season because of a labor dispute. July 19 – The American Guild of Musical Artists and the Metropolitan Opera Association announce a resolution of their dispute, so that the season will begin on October 29 as originally planned. July 22 – The first UK Albums Chart is published, in Record Mirror;[2] Frank Sinatra's Songs for Swingin' Lovers! tops it for the first two weeks. Summer – John Lennon forms a skiffle group, The Quarrymen, with friends from Quarry Bank High School in Liverpool, England, originally Eric Griffiths and Pete Shotton. August–September – Maria Callas makes studio recordings of Giuseppe Verdi's, Il trovatore, conducted by Herbert von Karajan, Giacomo Puccini's, La bohème, conducted by Antonino Votto, and Giuseppe Verdi's, Un ballo in maschera, also conducted by Votto, for EMI. September 5 – The posthumous world première of Sergei Prokofiev's Piano Concerto No. 4 (for the left hand), composed in 1931, takes place in Berlin, performed by Siegfried Rapp and the West Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Martin Rich. September 9 – Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show. October 10–20 – First Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music. October 14 – Leopold Stokowski conducts the Symphony of the Air in three world premièees at Carnegie Hall: Charles Ives's Browning Overture, Alan Hovhaness's Symphony No. 3, and Kurt Leimer's Piano Concerto No. 4. October 16 – The New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra announces that, at the request of their music director, Dimitri Mitropoulos, they have engaged Leonard Bernstein to share the direction of the orchestra with Mitropoulos for the 1957–58 season. October 20–21 – The Donaueschinger Musiktage new-music festival takes place with a memorial concert featuring the music of Arthur Honegger, and also concerts with compositions of (amongst others) Luciano Berio, Pierre Boulez, Claude Debussy, Gottfried von Einem, Hans Werner Henze, Roman Haubenstock-Ramati, Maurice Jarre, Olivier Messiaen, and Igor Stravinsky October 22 – Sigurd Rascher and the Chattanooga Symphony Orchestra open their 1956–57 season with a concert including the world première of Carl Anton Wirth's Concerto for Saxophone and Orchestra. October 29 – In New York, the Metropolitan Opera's seventy-second season opens with a revival of Bellini's Norma, made especially for Maria Callas's Metropolitan debut in the title role. November 5 Nat King Cole becomes the first major black performer to host a variety show on national television, when The Nat King Cole Show is broadcast. Royal Performance in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, by Liberace, in London. November 13 – The first of a series of Hoffnung Music Festival Concerts takes place at the Royal Festival Hall, in London. November 28 – Yoko Ono, recently divorced from Japanese composer Toshi Ichiyanagi, marries Anthony Cox. December 4 – Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins and Johnny Cash record together at Sun Studios in Memphis, Tennessee. The sessions are later released under the name "the Million Dollar Quartet" December 19 – Breaking the record for the highest number of concurrent singles by a single artist, Elvis Presley holds 9 positions on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Presley would hold the record until 1964 when the Beatles hold 14 positions on the chart. Pierre Gabaye wins the Prix de Rome in the Musical Composition category. Gene Vincent signs a publishing contract with Bill Lowery. Dalida's musical career begins on Barclay Records in Europe as (one of) the first biggest "world pop star" and sex symbol and she is the first artist to have her photo on a single in France. 175 000 copies of her big hits "Bambino" are sold in a few weeks. Chrysler Corporation provides an in-car turntable 16⅔ rpm record player with 7-inch ultramicrogroove records in its luxury make, the Imperial. The machine was developed by Peter Carl Goldmark – the man who invented the 33⅓ rpm long playing (LP) record format. Cameo-Parkway Records is formed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by Kal Mann and Bernie Lowe. Foundation of the Korean piano brand Young Chang. Cleveland television station WEWS-TV launches Polka Varieties, a regular Sunday-afternoon, hour-long program devoted to polka music; Frank Yankovic leads the original band to perform on the show.

Singles

 * 1) Just Walkin' in the Rain Johnnie Ray

Biggest hit singles


The following songs achieved the highest chart positions in the charts of 1956.

US No. 1 hit singles
These singles reached the top of US Billboard magazine's charts in 1956.

Top R&B and country hits on record

 * "Blue Suede Shoes" – Carl Perkins
 * "A Casual Look" - Six Teens
 * "Cry Cry Cry" - Johnny Cash
 * "Get Rhythm" - Johnny Cash
 * "I Walk the Line" – Johnny Cash
 * "In the Still of the Night" – Five Satins
 * "I've Loved And Lost Again" – Patsy Cline
 * "Jambalaya (On the Bayou)" –  Brenda Lee
 * "Lucky Lips" - Ruth Brown
 * "My Pink Cadillac" – Hal Willis
 * "One Kiss Led to Another" - The Coasters
 * "Ooby Dooby" – Roy Orbison
 * "Tra La La" - LaVern Baker

Published popular music

 * "11th Hour Melody"    w. Carl Sigman m. King Palmer
 * "Abbondanza"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "After The Lights Go Down Low"    w.m. Alan White & Leroy Lovett
 * "Ain't Got No Home"    w.m. Clarence Henry
 * "Allegheny Moon"    w.m. Al Hoffman & Dick Manning
 * "Anastasia"    w. Paul Francis Webster m. Alfred Newman
 * "Anyway You Want Me (That's How I Will Be)"    w.m. Aaron Schroeder & Cliff Owens
 * "Around the World"    w. Harold Adamson m. Victor Young
 * "The Banana Boat Song"    trad arr. Alan Arkin, Bob Carey & Erik Darling
 * "Be-Bop-A-Lula"    w.m. Tex Davis & Gene Vincent
 * "Bells Are Ringing"    w. Betty Comden & Adolph Green m. Jule Styne
 * "The Best of All Possible Worlds"    w. Richard Wilbur m. Leonard Bernstein
 * "Big D"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "The Birds And The Bees"    Mack David, Harry Warren
 * "Bloodnock's Rock And Roll Call"    T. Carbone
 * "Bluebottle Blues"    Spike Milligan, Carbone
 * "Bo Weevil"    w.m. Dave Bartholomew & Antoine "Fats" Domino
 * "Boppin' The Blues"    w.m. Carl Perkins & Howard Griffin
 * "Born To Be With You"    w.m. Don Robertson
 * "Brown Eyed Handsome Man"    Chuck Berry
 * "The Bus Stop Song" (aka "A Paper Of Pins")    w.m. Ken Darby
 * "Can I Steal A Little Love"    w.m. Phil Tuminello
 * "Canadian Sunset"    w. Norman Gimbel m. Eddie Heywood
 * "Chain Gang"    w.m. Sol Quasha & Herb Yakus
 * "Cindy, Oh Cindy"    w.m. Bob Barron & Burt Long
 * "Don't Be Cruel"    w.m. Otis Blackwell & Elvis Presley
 * "Don't Forbid Me"    w.m. Charles Singleton
 * "Eddie My Love"    A. Collins, M. Davis, S. Ling
 * "Fever"    w.m. Eddie Cooley & John Davenport
 * "The Flying Saucer"    w. Bill Buchanan & Dickie Goodman
 * "Fools Fall In Love"    w.m. Jerry Leiber & Mike Stoller
 * "Friendly Persuasion"    w. Paul Francis Webster m. Dimitri Tiomkin
 * "The Garden of Eden"    w.m. Dennise Haas Norwood
 * "Get Me to the Church on Time"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Stanley Holloway in the musical My Fair Lady and also performed by Holloway in the 1964 film.
 * "Glendora"    w.m. Ray Stanley
 * "Glitter and Be Gay"    w. Richard Wilbut m. Leonard Bernstein
 * "The Gnu"    Michael Flanders & Donald Swann
 * "Good Golly, Miss Molly"    w.m. John Marascalco & Robert Blackwell
 * "Goodnight My Love"    G. Motola, J. Marascalco
 * "The Green Door"    w. Marvin Moore m. Bob Davie
 * "Happy To Make Your Acquaintance"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "The Happy Whistler"    m. Don Robertson
 * "Heartbreak Hotel"    w.m. Mae Boren Axton, Tommy Durden & Elvis Presley
 * "Hey! Jealous Lover"    w.m. Sammy Cahn, Kay Twomey & Bee Walker
 * "High Society Calypso"    w.m. Cole Porter
 * "The Hippopotamus"    Michael Flanders & Donald Swann
 * "Honky Tonk"    w. Henry Glover m. Bill Doggett, Billy Butler, Shep Shephard & Clifford Scott
 * "Hot Diggity"    w. m.(adapt) Al Hoffman & Dick Manning
 * "A House With Love In It"    w. Sylvia Dee m. Sid Lippman
 * "(How Little It Matters) How Little We Know(1)"    w. Carolyn Leigh m. Philip Springer
 * "I Could Have Danced All Night"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Julie Andrews in the musical My Fair Lady.  Performed in the 1964 film by Marni Nixon dubbing for Audrey Hepburn.
 * "I Dreamed"     w. Marvin Moore m. Charles Grean
 * "I Love You, Samantha"    w.m. Cole Porter Introduced by Bing Crosby in the film High Society.
 * "I Walk the Line"    w.m. Johnny Cash
 * "I Want You, I Need You, I Love You"    w. Maurice Mysels m. Ira Kosloff
 * "I Was The One"    w.m.  Claude Demetrius, Bill Peppers, Hal Blair, Aaron Schroeder
 * "If I Had My Druthers"    w. Johnny Mercer m. Gene De Paul
 * "I'm An Ordinary Man"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe Introduced by Rex Harrison in the musical My Fair Lady
 * "I'm Walkin'"    w.m. Antoine "Fats" Domino & Dave Bartholomew
 * "I'm Walking Backwards For Christmas"    Spike Milligan, T. Carbone
 * "In the Still of the Nite"    w.m. Fred Parris
 * "It Only Hurts For A Little While"    w. Mack David m. Fred Spielman
 * "It's Not For Me To Say"    w. Al Stillman m. Robert Allen
 * "I've Grown Accustomed To Her Face"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Rex Harrison in the musical My Fair Lady.
 * "Ivory Tower"    w.m. Jack Fulton & Lois Steele
 * "Joey, Joey, Joey"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "Jubilation T. Cornpone"    w. Johnny Mercer m. Gene De Paul.  Introduced by Stubby Kaye in the musical Li'l Abner.
 * "Juke Box Baby"    w. Noel Sherman m. Joe Sherman
 * "Just In Time"    w. Betty Comden & Adolph Green m. Jule Styne.  Introduced by Judy Holliday and Sydney Chaplin in the musical Bells Are Ringing
 * "Knee Deep in the Blues"    w.m. Melvin Endsley
 * "Lay Down Your Arms"    w.(Eng) Paddy Roberts (Swed) Ake Gerhard m. Ake Gerhard & Leon Land
 * "Let The Good Times Roll"    w.m. Leonard Lee
 * "Long Before I Knew You"    w. Betty Comden & Adolph Green m. Jule Styne.  Introduced by Judy Holliday and Sydney Chaplin in the musical Bells Are Ringing
 * "Long Tall Sally"    w.m. Enotris Johnson, Richard Penniman & Robert A. Blackwell
 * "Look Homeward Angel"    w.m. Wally Gold
 * "Love Me Tender"    w. Elvis Presley & Vera Matson m. George R. Poulton
 * "Love Me"    w.m. Jerry Leiber & Mike Stoller
 * "Lucky Lips"    w.m. Jerry Leiber & Mike Stoller
 * "The Magic Touch (The Platters song)"    w.m. Buck Ram
 * "Mama From The Train"    w.m. Irving Gordon
 * "Mama, Teach Me To Dance"    w.m. Al Hoffman & Dick Manning
 * "Mangos"    w.m. Sid Wayne & Dee Libbey
 * "Maria"    w. Stephen Sondheim m. Leonard Bernstein
 * "Marianne"    w.m. Terry Gilkyson, Frank Miller & Richard Dehr
 * "Married I Can Always Get"    w.m. Gordon Jenkins
 * "Mary's Boy Child"    w.m. Jester Hairston
 * "Mind If I Make Love to You?" w.m. Cole Porter. Introduced by Frank Sinatra in the film High Society
 * "The Money Tree"    w. Cliff Ferre m. Mark McIntyre
 * "Moonlight Gambler"    w. Bob Hilliard m. Philip Springer
 * "More"    w. Tom Glazer m. Alex Alstone
 * "The Most Happy Fella"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "Mutual Admiration Society"    w. Matt Dubey m. Harold Karr.  Introduced by Ethel Merman and Virginia Gibson in the musical Happy Hunting
 * "My Heart Is So Full Of You"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "My Lucky Charm"    Sammy Cahn & Nicholas Brodszky
 * "Namely You"    w. Johnny Mercer m. Gene De Paul
 * "Now You Has Jazz"    w.m. Cole Porter.  Introduced by Bing Crosby and Louis Armstrong in the film High Society.
 * "Oh What a Nite"    w.m. Marvin Junior & John Funches
 * "On The Street Where You Live"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe. Introduced by Michael King in the musical My Fair Lady.
 * "Our Language Of Love"    w.m. Monte Norman, David Heneker, Julian More, Alexander Breffort & Marguerite Monnot
 * "Pardners" w. Sammy Cahn m. Jimmy Van Heusen. Introduced by Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis in the film of the same name
 * "The Party's Over"    w. Betty Comden & Adolph Green m. Jule Styne. Introduced by Judy Holliday in the musical Bells Are Ringing.
 * "The Portuguese Washerwomen" (Original title "Las Lavanderas De Portugal")    m. André Popp & Roger Lucchesi
 * "Whatever Will Be, Will Be (Que Sera, Sera)"    w.m. Jay Livingston & Ray Evans
 * "The Rain in Spain"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Julie Andrews, Rex Harrison and Robert Coote in the musical My Fair Lady.
 * "Rock With The Caveman"    Steele, Pratt, Lionel Bart, Frank Chacksfield
 * "Roll Over Beethoven" – w.m. Chuck Berry
 * "A Rose and a Baby Ruth" – w.m. John D. Loudermilk
 * "Round and Round" – w.m. Lou Stallman & Joe Shapiro
 * "St. Therese Of The Roses" – w.m. Remus Harris and Arthur Strauss
 * "Shape of Things"    w.m. Sheldon Harnick
 * "Show Me"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Julie Andrews in the musical My Fair Lady
 * "Singing the Blues"    w.m. Melvin Endsley
 * "(A Little Boy Called) Smiley"    Clyde Collins
 * "Soft Summer Breeze"    w. Judy Spencer m. Eddie Heywood
 * "Somebody Up There Likes Me"    w. Sammy Cahn m. Bronislau Kaper
 * "Somebody Somewhere"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "Song For A Summer Night"    w.m. Robert Allen
 * "Standing on the Corner"    w.m. Frank Loesser. Introduced by Shorty Long, Alan Gilbert, John Henson and Roy Lazarus in the musical The Most Happy Fella.
 * "Sweet Heartaches"    w.m. Nat Simon & Jimmy Kennedy
 * "A Sweet Old Fashioned Girl"    w.m. Bob Merrill
 * "A Tear Fell"    w.m. Eugene Randolph & Dorian Burton
 * "Teen Age Crush"    w.m. Audrey Allison & Joe Allison
 * "Theme from Picnic"    w. Steve Allen m. George Duning
 * "There's Never Been Anyone Else But You"    w. Paul Francis Webster m. Dimitri Tiomkin
 * "This Could Be The Start Of Something"    w.m. Steve Allen
 * "This Is What I Call Love"    w. Matt Dubey m. Harold Karr
 * "A Thousand Miles Away"    J. Shephard, N. H. Miller
 * "Too Close For Comfort"    w. Larry Holofcener & George David Weiss m. Jerry Bock
 * "Too Much"    w.m. Lee Rosenberg & Bernard Weinman
 * "A Town Like Alice"    w.m. Letty Katts
 * "Transfusion"    w.m. Jimmy Drake
 * "True Love"    w.m. Cole Porter.  Introduced by Bing Crosby and Grace Kelly in the film High Society.
 * "Two Different Worlds"    w. Sid Wayne m. Al Frisch
 * "Walk Hand In Hand"    w.m. Johnny Cowell
 * "Warm All Over"    w.m. Frank Loesser
 * "The Wayward Wind"    w.m. Stanley Lebowsky & Herb Newman
 * "When Sunny Gets Blue"    w. Jack Segal m. Marvin Fisher
 * "Who Needs You"    w. Al Stillman m. Robert Allen
 * "Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?"    w.m. Cole Porter.  Introduced by Celeste Holm and Frank Sinatra in the film High Society.
 * "With a Little Bit of Luck"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Stanley Holloway in the musical My Fair Lady.
 * "Without You"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe.  Introduced by Julie Andrews in the musical My Fair Lady.
 * "Wouldn't It Be Loverly"    w. Alan Jay Lerner m. Frederick Loewe. Introduced by Julie Andrews in the musical My Fair Lady.  Performed in the 1964 film by Marni Nixon dubbing for Audrey Hepburn.
 * "Wringle, Wrangle"    w.m. Stan Jones. Introduced by Fess Parker in the film Westward Ho, the Wagons!
 * "Written on the Wind"    w.m. Sammy Cahn & Victor Young
 * "Ying Tong Song"    w.m. Spike Milligan
 * "Young Love"    w.m. Carole Joyner & Ric Cartey

Other notable songs

 * "Mon Dieu" by Michel Vaucaire and Charles Dumont, originally sung by Édith Piaf
 * "Never on Sunday" (Τα Παιδιά του Πειραιά) by Manos Hadjidakis when clicking on the link, this song is from 1960 - why is it here?
 * "Piano" by Antonio De Vita and Giorgio Calabrese clicking on the link for 'Piano' takes you to a different song (from 1960)
 * "Pyar Kiya To Darna Kiya" by Naushad Ali, sung by Lata Mangeshkar in the film Mughal-e-Azam when clicking on the link, this song is from 1960 - why is it here?

Eurovision Song Contest

 * Eurovision Song Contest 1956