Catch a Fire



Catch a Fire is a 1973 album by Bob Marley and the Wailers. It was their first album released by Island Records. After touring and recording in the United Kingdom with Johnny Nash, Nash's departure to the United States left the band without enough money to return home; they approached producer Chris Blackwell, who agreed to advance the Wailers money for an album and paid their fares back to Jamaica, where they recorded Catch a Fire. The album features nine songs, two of which were written and composed by Peter Tosh and the remaining seven of which were written and composed by Bob Marley. After Marley's return to London to present the tapes to Blackwell, the producer reworked the tracks with contributions by Muscle Shoals session musician Wayne Perkins, who played guitar on two overdubbed tracks.

The album's supporting concert tour throughout England and the United States helped establish the band as international stars. Catch a Fire peaked at number 171 on the Billboard 200 and number 51 on the Billboard Black Albums charts. Critical acclaim has included the album being listed at number 126 on Rolling Stone's 500 greatest albums of all time, second only to Legend among five Bob Marley albums on the list. It is regarded as one of the top reggae albums of all time.

Background
Bob Marley moved to Sweden to work with Johnny Nash, writing and composing songs for the soundtrack to the film Want So Much To Believe. From November to December of 1971, Marley and the Wailers toured Great Britain with Nash. Columbia Records (CBS) released a single by the Wailers (the Nash-produced "Reggae on Broadway"). After the tour, Marley and the band neither had enough money to return to Jamaica nor were able to earn such money due to work-permit issues. The band asked promoter Brent Clarke to help them, and he contacted Chris Blackwell from Island Records, who had released singles by the Wailers in Great Britain. Blackwell promised Clarke an advance of GB£8000 for their next album, so Clarke lent the Wailers some money to return to Jamaica.

Recording
In 1972, sessions for the album started, with recording taking place at three different studios in Kingston, Jamaica: Dynamic Sound, Harry J's and Randy's.  Engineer Sylvan Morris put the songs on eight-track tape, and allocated tracks with the drum mixes on one track and piano and guitar together on another. In the winter of 1972, Marley flew back to London to present the master tapes. The deal with Island led to a dispute with CBS and Sims, to whom the band were already contracted. The Island Records label won the resulting court case, and it received US$9,000 and two percent of royalties from the band's first six albums, and Sims received GB£5,000 and the publishing rights to the Wailers songs.

Catch a Fire means 'burn in Hell;' this marks the essential message of the song, Slave Driver, in which Bob Marley conveys clearly his attitude towards slavery and oppression. The album title was also to become the title of a biography of Bob Marley's life written by Timothy White (editor). The album includes many backing musicians, but none of those were credited in the liner notes. Muscle Shoals session guitarist Wayne Perkins, who at that time was recording a new Smith, Perkins & Smith album at the Island Studios on Basing Street, was asked by Blackwell in early 1972 to make overdubs for the song Catch a Fire in the studio below. Perkins, not knowing at the time what reggae was, agreed with the proposal and first played the guitar solo on "Concrete Jungle," including the three-octave feedback at the end. After also playing slide guitar on "Baby We've Got a Date (Rock It Baby)" and the wah-wah-laced lead on "Stir it Up," Perkins then completed his own album. "Stir it Up" was later covered by Johnny Nash's band, Rabbit and the Jungles, on their I Can See Clearly Now album, peaking at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, Rabbit Bundrick played on all songs on numerous keyboards, including on a synthesizer and a clavinet. Robbie Shakespeare played the bass on "Concrete Jungle", while organist Tyrone Downie performed on the same track as well as on "Stir it Up". Chris Karen, Francisco Willie Pep and Winston Wright served as percussionists, and the female backing singing was performed by Rita Marley and her friend Marcia Griffiths, the latter of whom was already popular in Jamaica as a solo artist and together with her husband Bob Andy released successful singles. Tommy McCook played the flute.

According to Aston Barrett, "some of the songs had been recorded before, ..., in different studios and with different musicians, but we gave them that strict timing and brought the feeling out of them more." "Baby We've Got a Date (Rock it Baby)" is similar to "Black Bitter," recorded in an earlier session.

The song's lyrics deal with political injustice towards blacks and poverty, as is the case in many of their albums. Catch a Fire is about "the current state of urban poverty," and "Slave Driver" "connects the present to past injustices." But politics are not the main theme; "Stir it Up", for example, is a love song.

Cover art
The original 1973 vinyl release, designed by graphic artists Rod Dyer and Bob Weiner, was encased in a sleeve depicting a Zippo lighter. The sleeve functioned like a real Zippo lighter case, opening at a side hinge to reveal the record within. Only the original pressing of 20,000 had the Zippo cover, subsequent pressings had an alternative cover designed by John Bonis featuring an Esther Anderson portrait of Marley smoking a "spliff" or joint, with the album now credited to "Bob Marley and the Wailers." Copies of the record from the original pressings have since become collectors's items. The original cover art was reproduced in 2001 for the deluxe compact disc edition.

Release
The first release from the album sessions was the "Baby We've Got a Date" single, released in early 1973 on Island's Blue Mountain subsidiary. Catch a Fire was released on 13 April 1973 on the Island label with a supporting tour. The album sold around 14,000 copies in its first weeks, and peaked at number 171 on the Billboard 200 chart and at number 51 on ''Billboard R&B chart.

Catch a Fire has been re-released under different recording labels with different track lengths. In 2001, a special collection edition was released containing unreleased, non-overdubbed ("Jamaican") songs on the first side and the original, overdubbed album on the second side.

A documentary about the album, directed by Jeremy Marre, was released in 2000, featuring interviews with the musicians and engineers who worked on the album, archive performance footage, and home video footage filmed by members of the band.

Tour
The album's supporting tour began in 1973 in the United Kingdom and then moved to the United States. In England they performed on 19 shows at universities and clubs. While in London, the band performed on the BBC shows The Old Grey Whistle Test and Top Gear. In the first performance singer Bunny Livingston performed for the first and last time for the Wailers, as he was unhappy touring outside Jamaica, difficulty finding suitable food due to his strict Ital diet a contributing factor. After Bunny's resignation from the band, Tosh consulted with Marley and finally picked Joe Higgs. Blackwell hired the concert promoter Lee Jaffe to book gigs in North America. The Wailers performed at Paul's Mall in Boston, Massachusetts, and then three gigs in New York City alongside Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, and in October opened for Sly and the Family Stone in Las Vegas. These concerts marked an important step towards international acknowledgement.

Reception
Catch a Fire had a positive critical reception. Robert Christgau rated the album as "A", saying that "half these songs are worthy of St. John the Divine", and "Barrett brothers' bass and drums save those that aren't from limbo". Reviewers from Rolling Stone also praised the brother's playing, concluding that "Catch a Fire is a blazing debut". According to the review, "'Concrete Jungle' and 'Slave Driver' crackle with streetwise immediacy, while 'Kinky Reggae' and 'Stir It Up' ... revel in the music's vast capacity for good-time skanking. 'Stop That Train' and '400 Years,' both written by Peter Tosh, indicate the original Wailers weren't strictly a one-man show".

Critics have called Catch a Fire one of the greatest reggae albums of all time. Vik Iyengar from AllMusic comments that "Marley would continue to achieve great critical and commercial success during the 1970s, but Catch a Fire is one of the finest reggae albums ever. This album is essential for any music collection". Rolling Stone ranked the album at number 123 on its list of 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, the second highest placement for a reggae album; only Legend, ranked higher at number 46. Writing in The Spectator arts blog in 2012, Dave Rodigan described it as "quite simply, one of the greatest reggae albums ever made". The album was also groundbreaking as its singles were released as long-playing records as against to the early reggae songs coupled with two sides.

Original album release (1973)
All songs were written by Bob Marley, except where noted.

Personnel
The Wailers Additional Musicians
 * Musicians
 * Peter Tosh – organ, guitar, piano, vocals
 * Bob Marley – guitar, vocals
 * Bunny Wailer – bongos, conga, vocals
 * Aston "Family Man" Barrett – bass guitar
 * Carlton "Carlie" Barrett – drums
 * Rita Marley – backing vocals
 * Marcia Griffiths – backing vocals
 * John "Rabbit" Bundrick – keyboards, synthesizer, clavinet
 * Wayne Perkins – guitar
 * Tommy McCook – flute
 * Robbie Shakespeare – bass guitar (Concrete Jungle)
 * Francisco Willie Pep – percussion
 * Winston Wright – percussion
 * Chris Karan – percussion


 * Production
 * Chris Blackwell – production
 * Bob Marley – production
 * Carlton Lee – engineering
 * Stu Barrett – engineering
 * Tony Platt – engineering
 * Bob Weiner – design
 * Rod Dyer – design